Pilot shortage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pilot deficiency - Research Paper Example The United States needs to roll out significant improvements in the carrier business and pilot confirmation programs presently, to shield the business from the overwhelming impacts of this deficiency, and to guarantee the proceeded with soundness of aircraft travel both broadly, and globally for quite a long time to come. A pilot, otherwise called a pilot, is the individual in charge of an airplane during flight. As far as the wellbeing of the flight, pilots are the most indispensable single part, since they are liable for the airplane during movement. As per the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) business airplane are required to have two pilots in the cockpit during Air Carrier activities, and to guarantee there is somebody who can take control during a crisis. For the most recent decades, the deficiency of individuals entering the field of avionics has been developing, making a striking lack of pilots. There are various reasons that there are insufficient pilots to as of now address America’s issue for air travel including: expanded pace of pilot retirement, diminished qualified people entering the field of aeronautics, expanded limitations and necessities, and expanded interest for air travel administrations. Therefore, the pilot deficiency has been a developing issue in United States flight industry, and if not explained cautiously, it is a shortage that could prompt numerous major issues. Nonetheless, with endeavors from all pieces of avionics industry, pilot lack is certainly not a no-arrangement issue. A pilot lack is the deficiency or inadequacy of individuals qualified to effectively and straightforwardly work the â€Å"directional flight controls of an airplane while it is in flight† (Wikipedia, 2015). Socially, it alludes to a circumstance where America at present, or any nation, has not very many pilots as of now utilized, making a circumstance where there are insufficient

Arrow Electronics Case Assignment Essay Essay Example

Bolt Electronics Case Assignment Essay Example Bolt Electronics Case Assignment Essay Bolt Electronics Case Assignment Essay Bolt was established in the mid 1935 as a retail vendor of remote gear. Along these lines the organization extended to sell beguilement stocks and electronic parts. In 2002 Arrow’s planetary gross incomes were $ 7. 4 billion. The semiconducting materials stocks produced over portion of the organization incomes. Since so. the organization has occupied with esteemed included administrations. Worth added is utilized to delineate situations where a house takes a product that might be viewed as a homogenous product. with barely any distinctions from that of an adversary. also, furnishes potential customers with a trademark or extra that gives it a more noteworthy feeling of significant worth. A worth included product can either expand the product’s money related worth or worth. For delineation. offering one twelvemonth of free help on another registering machine would be a worth included trademark. Bolt improved its stocks and administrations before offering the product to c ustomers. The organization put, all things considered, in a gross incomes power and coordinations capablenesss. Bolt Electronics realized they needed to pay close taking care of tasks. The organization knew the parts of the bargains and built up an away from of accurately how activities will help achieve them. It included deciphering the closures into derivations for the operation’s open introduction. points. quality. speed. dependableness. flexibleness and cost especially at their dispersion places. The executives realized stock records are viewed as an of import in addition to and are basic for concern achievement. Bolt utilized a clump of building and stock rundown informations at Arrow were exceptionally exact. So as to keep up stock rundown informations precise. Bolt put, as it were, in data designing. The stock rundown following building brought about a superior underside line and an increasingly beneficial concern. Successful stock rundown heading expanded by designing helped Arrow keep up way of stock rundown. smooth out telling and way focuses all through the product’s n et incomes beat. The three data frameworks they utilized were the gross incomes work area. the centralized server framework. furthermore, the WMS. The framework net incomes work area permitted the gross incomes delegates to see the stocks data. cost. what's more, their buying structures. The centralized server framework kept up the customer stock rundown. orders and the rationale for net incomes request preparing. The framework acted like a storehouse all things considered and changed over the requests got from the gross incomes work area. The centralized computer framework was the core working framework. The framework was perfect in its capacity to follow stock rundown at expound degrees. Luckily Arrow’s assault to stock rundown truth is non extreme in light of the fact that the framework truly sets aside them cash on their stock rundown heading. Stock course bundle helped Arrow computerize strategies and better oversee frameworks to hinder losingss from covered expenses. Since Arrow’s significant frameworks were create in house. they are making a trip to hold inconvenience using business bundle if their bundle have issues. Bolt Electronics bought the organization Eagle Semiconductor. Bird conventional plan of runing a few local stockrooms and venturing to every part of the stock rundown into Arrows essential dissemination place was a worry assurance that should have been made by Betty Jane Scheihing. Senior Vice President of Worldwide Operations at Arrow Electronics. The stockrooms open introduction. customer diseases. furthermore, stock course were awful. Scheihing ought to elucidate to bearing and Eagle’s focuses When stock rundown mistake happens. stock rundown course partners should go to the issue in a way to chop down the peril of terrible open introduction in the focuses. They ought to bespeak a quick describe. seting the stock rundown records therefore. The bearing partners should gauge their choices in footings of moving expense. bringing day of the month and clasp. furthermore, the earnestness. Organizations like Arrow rely, all things considered, upon stock rundown truth to run or make full customer orders. Stock is the significant organization in addition to that helped with endeavors, for example, arranging. In this manner keeping up precise stock rundown records as a significant course apparatus has different advantages. At the point when exact stock rundown records are kept. the data tells whether you can take on customer petitions or impossible to miss endeavors with the stock rundown on manus. Bolt can obtain a feeling of when they will require to arrange new focuses. Bolt other than can reconsider the stock rundown records to put stock rundown inclinations over clasp and do some essential expectations about stock rundown that may run out quicker than expected. These components mean they can be after and plan. This is basic to creating and keeping connections. Great stock rundown records imply that when customers call or compose with stock related requests. they can happen the answer quickly. A quick reaction cut typically implies the customer shows signs of improvement sentiment of the organization. At the point when they know correctly what stock rundown they have and where it is put away. they can recoup it rapidly and make full customer arranges speedily. The capacity to cover with enquiries a nd take care of requests quickly implies the organization can work more customers and travel progressively stock rundown through the organization. resulting in higher net gain. On the off chance that customers need to sit tight for reactions or stocks. they may cancel requests and travel to different organizations. Stock error could perchance hold a significant effect on the Arrow’s open introduction. Stock error expands the clasp spent on the stock rundown heading methodology. Additional clasp in different segments is spent on looking into differences. correcting frameworks informations. what's more, pass oning concerns. Stock incorrectness impacts the organization’s financial open introduction in footings of the expense of products sold. Expanded expenses are the outcome of hurrying transportation. additional work. furthermore, loss of creation. Bolt had stock rundown errors when they gave low degree distribution center administrators the obligation of occurring and correcting stock rundown botches. Having a gathering of individuals with inconsistent readiness and experience tally and change stock rundown was a little progressed for their pay class. Bolt ought to of ensured who had authority over affecting stock rundown. This is especially obvious in creating activities where the priorities of machine administrators and creation chiefs are run intoing the creation motivation. keeping up the machines running. furthermore, guaranting the nature of the product being delivered. Stock truth should neer be an essential obligation of those kinds of spots. When Arrow resulted in these present circumstances acknowledgment. it was anything but difficult to see the advantages of seting stock rundown and stuff taking care of obligations in the guardianships of individuals whose essential occupation is investigating and accident. Generally speaking Arrow Electronics Operational Execution was extraordinary. They put, as it were, in building to pull off their tasks.

Guest Entry Engineers Without Borders

Guest Entry Engineers Without Borders Sorry I havent blogged in a while Ive been hosed with the deluge of tests, homework, and projects that inevitably follows CPW. To temporarily satiate your craving for reading about MIT while watching half of my face contemplatively sip coffee at you from my blog header, my tooling buddy Tiffany, a Course I junior with a terrifyingly robust sense of work ethic and a phenomenally operatic RB singing voice, has graciously offered to temper my usual Course VI nerditude by writing about her involvement in international development @ MIT. Enjoy! In the grind of the semester, its easy to forget that there exists an entire world outside of the college campus (hello Boston!). Yet, one of the most rewarding things about MIT is being able to apply the concepts you learn within the classroom to real-time projects that have a significant impact on communities around the world. This past year, I have been serving as project manager for the Engineers Without Borders-MIT Chapter. Engineers Without Borders is a non-profit organization that partners with communities in developing countries to improve their quality of life. One of our projects, for which I am team lead, is Showergy. Showergys premise is this: Imagine not being able to take a shower after a long days work. Now picture that every day. Hundreds of millions of people in the developing world lack access to water and facilities where they can cleanse themselves. Even where there is water, many, especially women, avoid going to communal showers in fear of attack or harassment going there and coming back. To help combat this fear, Showergy delivers all that is needed for the shower experience right to the users doorstep literally. Our cost-effective and easily installable shower system units will be implemented on almost every single plot as part of a franchise business model in conjunction with latrines. This design and model will ensure that community members do not have to walk more than a stones throw away. Our system also involves an innovative drainage and water reuse that prevents further contamination of critical water sources. By providing the means to basic hygiene, Showergy helps reduce the probability for disease and ensures a safe, reliable place for women, children, and senior citizens to wash themselves. Throughout the past few months, our team has designed a basic prototype of our individual shower system unit in MITs famous D-Lab. The “D” in D-Lab stands for “Development through Dialogue, Design, Dissemination”; its goal is to assist students in improving the quality of life in low-income households through development of low-cost technologies. It is extremely common for students taking courses in D-Lab to travel over IAP or sometime during the year to implement the technologies that theyve developed. Anyways, you can actually step into the unit, look up at the showerhead, and take a shower! What does this mean for term life? Its actually a lot of fun. We get to spray each other with water while prototyping our pump mechanism. and be obnoxiously loud when using hammers. Currently, our project is entered into the IDEAS/Global Challenge competition, an annual contest sponsored by the Public Service Center that encourages students to develop or innovate a product â€"it can be anything! that will assist developing communities in tackling some of the largest global problems, like disease, sanitation, and water shortage. The projects dont need to be fancy or complicated â€" in fact, the best solutions to problems of these scale often are and need to be simple. There is an enormous variety of projects that are entered into the competition. The sheer amount of creativity and innovation going on here is through the roof! You can view all the teams here. Since the competition is ongoing, you can vote for five teams that you like the best if you register for an account (insert shameless plug for Showergy). To reiterate, there are incredible resources at MIT if you are interested in international development. Other resources include the Legatum Center for Development and Entrepeneurship, the Sloan Global Entrepreneurship Center, and the MIT International Development Initiative. If you are worried that your choice of major might affect how you can pursue international development, rest assured that no matter what you major in, you can probably apply it in a creative and significant way. Even as a junior, close to the end of my third year here, I am astounded by how easily ideas can happen here and actually become a reality, with some hard work, the right connection, and of course, a bit of luck. So now, I leave you with a question: What are the “big” problems that interest you and how do you envision tackling them? Several of my friends have gotten to travel to places like Nicaragua and Cambodia while involved with D-Lab projects. Sounds pretty fun! Feel free to email Tiffany at tifa(at)mit.edu or get in touch with her team if you have questions!

Essay about Christopher Nolans Inception - 1262 Words

In the film Inception one follows Dominic Cobb who is a skilled thief, the absolute best in the dangerous art of extraction, stealing valuable secrets from deep within the vulnerable subconscious while the mind is in the dream state. Cobbs rare ability has landed him a job with a corporate espionage to try and earn his way back home after he has lost everything he has ever loved. This final job could give him his life back but only if he can complete the seemly impossible task of inception. Cobb and his team of highly trained architects and extractors have one chance to complete their task. Now instead of stealing an idea they must supplant a new one. Failure is not an option for Cobb and he has taken extra care to exclude information†¦show more content†¦The scenes he has chosen to hold on to stand alone without his interference. They are mostly complied of memories of his children, and very heavily of his late wife. In contrast we are introduced to Mal, Cobb’s late wife’s inner mind and location for her secrets. She has only kept one and has placed it in a small safe. This safe is placed inside a pink doll house. This doll house is surrounded by other objects that media and childhood accustom to young girls and innocence. An overall pink theme is present in the room with a box of yellow and pink stuffed animals amongst photos of horses and floral furniture dress the room. The room in which the house and toys are kept is Mal’s childhood home. This leads one to assume that this room is a reflection of the identity codes Mal was taught as a young girl. Unlike Cobb she has not been able to create her own domain to hide her secrets but relies on her memories to create an old location to use, one in which Cobb has imposed his memories into as well. Although the memory location being used is unique to Mal’s childhood, she did not create it alone. Cobb mentions multiple times that the world where her secrets reside was created by both of them. Barrie Thorne the author of Gender Play: Girls and Boys in School says that even when boys and girls do not separate into segregated groups they will still imply the differences they have been taught to create distance between each other. Girls will unknowinglyShow MoreRelatedChristopher Nolans Inception852 Words   |  3 Pages In 2010, Director Christopher Nolan took us deep into the postmodern worldview and dreaming state in his film, Inception. In the film we are introduced to Dom Cobb (played by Leonardo Dicaprio) who is a rogue specialist in a field known as â€Å"dream sharing†. This technology, created by the government to train soldiers, allows people to go deep into other’s dream and do whatever they wish. Dom is running from the law, and so he gets work in high-tech corporate espionage, however we, as an audienceRead MoreIs Christopher Nolan A Modern Hollywood Auteur?1497 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing the release of his movie, Inception, The Guardian ran an article comparing Christopher Nolan to famed Hollywood auteur, Stanley Kubrick. Most readers subsequently reacted negatively to the article’s central premise. However, The Guardian’s readers concurrently began pondering another question: is Christopher Nolan a modern Hollywood auteur? According to many scholast ic sources, Nolan should not even be considered for auteur status. Most of these naysayers point out that six of his eightRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film Inception1318 Words   |  6 PagesOn July 16, 2010, audiences across the world traveled to nearby theaters to watch the unique, original film Inception. The film Inception was like no other, depicting a dream like world where the city folded upon while the shadows of darkness cast over it creating a mystique ambiance. This thrilling, original film was written by the renowned director Christopher Nolan and produced by Warner Brothers Studios. Nolan directed the film while working side by side with Wally Pfister, the director of photographyRead MoreEssay on The Romantic Notion of a Film Director 2217 Words   |  9 Pagesimagination and is it the spectator who finds meaning in the film. I will be closely looking at critical material, primarily Andrà © Bazin and Roland Barthes and applying them to several case study films directed by Christopher Nolan including The Following (1998), The Prestige (2006) and Inception (2010), to examine whether Nolan possesses the qualities of an auteur and if so, does that imply an ideological view of what the auteur resembles or an artistic one. The term auteur theory arose in France duringRead MoreInception and Shutter Island: Grief, Guilt, Insanity and Fantasy1096 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Inception and Shutter Island; Grief, Guilt, Insanity and Fantasy Roughly one hundred and fifty thousand people die every day across the globe. The loss of a loved one can cause any man to lose his mind and act irrationally, especially if he had a hand in his loved ones death. In dealing with the aftermath of losing family, Christopher Nolan’s Inception and Martin Scorsese’s Shutter Island, both examine the effects of grief, guilt and the dangers of delving into insanity and fantasy to ease theRead MoreChristopher Nol An American Film Director, Screenwriter, And Producer And Auteur.847 Words   |  4 PagesDecember 2015 CHRISTOPHER NOLAN Christopher Nolan is considered an English-American film director, screenwriter, and producer and Auteur. Nolan is a man of talent who is known as one of the smartest, most creative, and successful directors in the film industry today.He is widely recognized after his first successful feature movie Following(1998),a noir thriller film.Which was recognized at a number of international film festival.Common themes and actors can be seen throughout Christopher Nolan’s filmsRead MoreAnalysis Of Christopher Nolan s The Dark Knight Trilogy 963 Words   |  4 Pagesis a director who leaves a personal message or impact on the films they’re working on. Not only visually, but also utilizing their techniques and motifs which are always used in films. The director I have chosen to write about is none other than Christopher Nolan. I chose to write about him not just because he did one of my favorite superhero movies of all time (The Dark Knight Trilogy), but he is one of my favorit e directors of all time. After reading Andrew Sarris article, I will stick with the meaningRead MoreInception Film Analysis892 Words   |  4 PagesInception, released in 2010, is an exhilarating science fiction film that keeps its audiences engaged and absorbed in the action by creating a sixth sense experience. This thriller is equipped with some of Hollywood’s most talented actors, including: Leonardo Dicaprio, Tom Hardy, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Marion Cotillard, Ellen Page, Cillian Murphy, with Ken Watanabe and Michael Caine. Director and screenwriter, Christopher Nolan, produces works that displays his aptitude to venturing in unfamiliarRead MoreChristopher Nolan As An Auteur2860 Words   |  12 Pages At first glance, Christopher Nolan appears unqualified for auteur status. Many of his films have been remakes, adaptations, or franchise films which carry negative connotations and intellectual lowliness [1]. If we look closer, however, we can see a tendency towards psycho logically complex characters, and complex ideology. In order to classify Nolan as an auteur, we must first examine the definition of the word, as Nolan in not an auteur in the traditional sense, like Spielberg or Scorsese. An auteurRead MoreInception- Mise-En-Scene1724 Words   |  7 PagesFischer’s subconscious. Therefore, at this point that Fischer trusts Cobb and thinks his uncle is betraying him, he will helps Cobb and others gets into his own subconscious, as he understands as Browning’s, and find out the truth, or as we know, the inception Cobb tries to implant in Fischer’s mind. â€Å"’He’s going to help us break into his own subconscious’ – Arther† (Nolan). When Browning and Fischer falls asleep, everyone in the room start preparing their own work, to sleep and go down to another dimension

Whatever They Told You About Example of Evaluation Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Heres Why

Whatever They Told You About Example of Evaluation Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why The Example of Evaluation Essay Topics Pitfall While evaluation essays are not so difficult to write, as you're simply required to evaluate a product, service, entity, event or something different, there's one big trap to be on the lookout for creating your piece overly opinionated. It is suggested to look for the one which has a fantastic reputation and offers high-quality papers at very affordable prices. When searching for suitable evaluation essay topics for college students, focus on the ideas that you know because it will allow you to save time when increasing a possibility of writing a superb paper. Whether there are any suggestions towards improving the show, don't be afraid to let your intended readers know about doing it. You will need to have an in depth look at the topic to be able to earn a judgement on its value, therefore it is reasonable choose something you presently have some knowledge about. If you're given the opportunity to do self-evaluation, you should have the ability to answer in the most honest way. When one writes a personal sort of essay, the initial impression is the fact that it is entirely devoted to self expression and devoid of any type of technicality. A performance evaluation created by oneself will reveal their character more than what he or she thinks of the job which he or she's doing. You may even opt for an available writer to communication panel, which gives you an immediate communication between the author and the customer. Writing is a particular gift that you are able to develop, but should you truly feel like it isn't your thing, our crew of professional writers can help to finish an essay from scratch or do paper editing you've already done. If you wish to create a college essay which works, you want to provide importance on the content which you will give the admissions officer of your intended university with. Where to Find Example of Evaluation Essay Topics Normally, the writer is provided a set of criteria to base their evaluation regarding a specific experience. Try to remember that if writing an evaluation essay, you don't need to express a firm opinion and stick with it, yet to make a balanced assessment presenting different facets. Bear in mind that the chief quality of an evaluation essay is the concentration of your evaluation all around you r standpoint. What you have to know about how to compose an evaluation essay is you should incorporate every one of your evaluating objects into your essay. An evaluation paper should consist of summary info and your earnest viewpoint on the topic. When you compose an evaluation essay you will need to evaluate every property of the subject including its advantages and disadvantages. You're able to find ideas and develop your own distinctive evaluation paper topic. Evaluation papers provide value judgments related to different subjects. An evaluation essay includes an objective assessment that's written by means of a person who should be fully-knowledgeable of what he or she's writing about. It is a type of literary criticism. Since an evaluation essay isn't only part of college essay examples as it may also be utilized in company and company processes, it's necessary for you to understand the weight of its effectiveness. It is meant to demonstrate the overall quality of a particular object, service, product, and place. The Awful Side of Example of Evaluation Essay Topics Citations and extracts from assorted sources have to be formatted properly. The scholarship essay examples shared here are a great plan in telling you the way to compose the ideal scholarship essay. In extreme events, you can rewrite finished essays. What can set apart an evaluation essay from various types of academic essays is that it may also be utilized in various undertakings within the corporate and skilled environment. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. As a college student you'll be asked to compose various kinds of essays. Your college essay should contain information that relate to the instruction offered to you. Writing an essay for high school is simple if you choose a very simple topic. State the explanations for why it happened. Therefore, many students and employees decide to get cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. Just because you've already written a college essay for a single university doesn't mean that it may also apply on your next applications. Developing a terrific college essay are able to lose its purpose in the event the content of what you've written is not what the university is asking for.

Auditing Free Essays

Required Through a memorandum, explain to the directors (a ) Why Is the need for an audit. (5 marks) (b) how the auditor off public company may be appointed under the companies Act (5 marks) (c) What are the rights and powers of an auditor under the Companies Act (10 marks ) (d) The responsibilities of the directors in relation to the accounting ,fraud and internal controls functions of Brian Ltd. (10 marks ) QUESTION 2 The maintenance of auditor Independence Is vital to the credibility of the audit In the minds of the users of the financial statements . We will write a custom essay sample on Auditing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Professional regulations has been seen as being one of the more acceptable methods of acceptable methods of achieving auditor independence than state regulations although certain sections of the Companies ‘s Act have a bearing on such independence. (a ) state and explain the two sides of auditor independence (8 marks ) (b ) Explain the circumstance that may threaten auditor ‘ Independence and objectivity(10 marks ) ( c) Explain mom the measures that auditors may Implement In order to deal with the threats (12 marks) Question 3 The directors of Mellon Manufacturing have asked your firm to act as their auditors for the year ended 30 September. They will be asking their existing auditors to resign, as they do not provide a cost effective service. The partner proposed for appointment to Mellon Manufacturing holds a membership certificate and a certificate of registration as a registered auditor through the COCA. The proposed partner is scheduled for routine Investigation by the COCA regulation monitoring unit. A) Describe the investigations you would carry out and ethical matters you would consider before you can accept the appointment as the company’s auditor. (8 marks) (b) Explain why it is important that an auditor should send a letter of engagement to the client prior to undertaking an audit. (4 marks) (b) Briefly describe the main contents of a letter of engagement which you would send to the directors of Mellon Manufacturing. (8 marks) How to cite Auditing, Papers Auditing Free Essays Assume that fraud has been discovered In the â€Å"Possible Errors and Fraud† list, shown as A through O In the problem. Select two of the fraud Items from the list and note them here: Fraud Item Invoices for goods sold are posted to incorrect customer accounts. Fraud Item Invoices are sent for shipped goods and are recorded in the sales journal, but are not posted to any customer account. We will write a custom essay sample on Auditing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Following the scientific method, answer the following questions below: a. Do aground research in relationship to the issue to get a more in-depth understanding of the situation. What questions would you ask of management to determine how the fraud Is occurring based on the specific fraud Identified? Fraud Item #1 Are the employees In charge of shipping comparing the product shipped with the sales Invoice to determine that the goods are being shipped to the customer who ordered them? Fraud Item #2 Why are the invoices for shipped goods not being posted to any of the customers’ accounts? B. Construct your hypotheses concerning the issue which we will use to test our data against. Your hypotheses will be the implications on the financial statements because of the fraud Items you Identified. (Which accounts are affected? Will they be overstated or understated? ) Fraud Item #1 If Invoices are checked once a month, then goods would not be sent to wrong customers. Fraud Item #2 If controlled amounts posted to the accounts receivable ledger are compared with control totals of invoices, then invoices would be posted to the customer’s account. C. Test your Hypotheses by doing experiments. To test your hypotheses, you’ll need to list controls that would have to fall for the read to be committed. Then for testing, list what specific audit procedures you â€Å"Controls† from problem 11-38 that apply to your fraud items. Controls that would have to fail to allow fraud Audit procedures to test controls Fraud Item #1 Invoices are going to the wrong customer C. Monthly statements are mailed to all customers with outstanding balances. Fraud Item #2 Invoices are not being posted to the customer’s account K. Control amounts posted to the accounts receivable ledger are compared with control totals of invoices. D. Analyze your data and draw a conclusion concerning the population under study. We are assuming that fraud has been discovered in the two areas you chose, so that’s the conclusion! E. Communicate your results. To communicate your results, list some enhancements or changes to controls that need to be made to keep the fraud from occurring in the future. Fraud Item #1 Statements will be mailed out to the customers that have an outstanding balance every month. Fraud Item #2 The control amounts that are posted to the accounts receivable ledger will be compared with control totals of invoices at least once a month. How to cite Auditing, Papers

Auditing Free Essays

Required Through a memorandum, explain to the directors (a ) Why Is the need for an audit. (5 marks) (b) how the auditor off public company may be appointed under the companies Act (5 marks) (c) What are the rights and powers of an auditor under the Companies Act (10 marks ) (d) The responsibilities of the directors in relation to the accounting ,fraud and internal controls functions of Brian Ltd. (10 marks ) QUESTION 2 The maintenance of auditor Independence Is vital to the credibility of the audit In the minds of the users of the financial statements . We will write a custom essay sample on Auditing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Professional regulations has been seen as being one of the more acceptable methods of acceptable methods of achieving auditor independence than state regulations although certain sections of the Companies ‘s Act have a bearing on such independence. (a ) state and explain the two sides of auditor independence (8 marks ) (b ) Explain the circumstance that may threaten auditor ‘ Independence and objectivity(10 marks ) ( c) Explain mom the measures that auditors may Implement In order to deal with the threats (12 marks) Question 3 The directors of Mellon Manufacturing have asked your firm to act as their auditors for the year ended 30 September. They will be asking their existing auditors to resign, as they do not provide a cost effective service. The partner proposed for appointment to Mellon Manufacturing holds a membership certificate and a certificate of registration as a registered auditor through the COCA. The proposed partner is scheduled for routine Investigation by the COCA regulation monitoring unit. A) Describe the investigations you would carry out and ethical matters you would consider before you can accept the appointment as the company’s auditor. (8 marks) (b) Explain why it is important that an auditor should send a letter of engagement to the client prior to undertaking an audit. (4 marks) (b) Briefly describe the main contents of a letter of engagement which you would send to the directors of Mellon Manufacturing. (8 marks) How to cite Auditing, Papers Auditing Free Essays Assume that fraud has been discovered In the â€Å"Possible Errors and Fraud† list, shown as A through O In the problem. Select two of the fraud Items from the list and note them here: Fraud Item Invoices for goods sold are posted to incorrect customer accounts. Fraud Item Invoices are sent for shipped goods and are recorded in the sales journal, but are not posted to any customer account. We will write a custom essay sample on Auditing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Following the scientific method, answer the following questions below: a. Do aground research in relationship to the issue to get a more in-depth understanding of the situation. What questions would you ask of management to determine how the fraud Is occurring based on the specific fraud Identified? Fraud Item #1 Are the employees In charge of shipping comparing the product shipped with the sales Invoice to determine that the goods are being shipped to the customer who ordered them? Fraud Item #2 Why are the invoices for shipped goods not being posted to any of the customers’ accounts? B. Construct your hypotheses concerning the issue which we will use to test our data against. Your hypotheses will be the implications on the financial statements because of the fraud Items you Identified. (Which accounts are affected? Will they be overstated or understated? ) Fraud Item #1 If Invoices are checked once a month, then goods would not be sent to wrong customers. Fraud Item #2 If controlled amounts posted to the accounts receivable ledger are compared with control totals of invoices, then invoices would be posted to the customer’s account. C. Test your Hypotheses by doing experiments. To test your hypotheses, you’ll need to list controls that would have to fall for the read to be committed. Then for testing, list what specific audit procedures you â€Å"Controls† from problem 11-38 that apply to your fraud items. Controls that would have to fail to allow fraud Audit procedures to test controls Fraud Item #1 Invoices are going to the wrong customer C. Monthly statements are mailed to all customers with outstanding balances. Fraud Item #2 Invoices are not being posted to the customer’s account K. Control amounts posted to the accounts receivable ledger are compared with control totals of invoices. D. Analyze your data and draw a conclusion concerning the population under study. We are assuming that fraud has been discovered in the two areas you chose, so that’s the conclusion! E. Communicate your results. To communicate your results, list some enhancements or changes to controls that need to be made to keep the fraud from occurring in the future. Fraud Item #1 Statements will be mailed out to the customers that have an outstanding balance every month. Fraud Item #2 The control amounts that are posted to the accounts receivable ledger will be compared with control totals of invoices at least once a month. How to cite Auditing, Papers

The Positive and Negative Effects from the Internet Essay Example

The Positive and Negative Effects from the Internet Essay WHY WE CHOOSE THIS TOPIC ? Why do we pick? Because internet is a universal topic to talk about, and internet have a lot of effects that we can describe and can be understood easily by everyone. We knew that everyone have known the Internet, but many of us are still just using the internet, without knowing its effects and using it unwisely. So the purpose of this essay which we make are to inform how to use the internet wisely, to threat the negative effects and the positive effects from using the internet, and also to overcome the internet users that using it unwisely. INTERNET NOWADAYS Nowadays, Whether you’re an average teenager wanting to keep in touch with friends after school, or a business person needing a low cost but effective way to keep work related material local and secret, chances are you use E-Mail or Instant Messaging services. For communication purposes in this high tech lifestyle that exists today, these systems are used only with the basic understanding needed to run these devices. You are about to learn how these systems came to be and the in depth understanding needed to make them work. There is no limit for us to find any information from all of the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Positive and Negative Effects from the Internet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Positive and Negative Effects from the Internet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Positive and Negative Effects from the Internet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is not hard again to communicate one each other from anywhere in the world. We almost can get all of the information in the world easily in just for a few minutes. Because the internet is regarded as the largest information base that will give us the information almost completely. We all know that the internet is a very common thing in our lifes. Because the Internet can be very useful for peoples included from the childrens,teenagers, until the adult users. We can see the information from all of the world, just from the internet. The Positive Effects from The Internet Internet has surely affected the society positively. Now, to get the information has become really easy. Internet search engines (like google, etc. ) are the best media to search something to get some information about it. Before the internet become very common in our life, people who go overseas are really hard to communicate with another who lives in their countries. Now, everybody can access the internet anywhere anytime, so they won’t be panic while they are on duty or in travelling in other country. For the examples are : †¢ We can put an advertisement about our company to promote something. For people who just finished their study in university or people who don’t have a job, they can promote them selves on the website, so they can easily get some job to work. †¢ For students, internet is very useful and helpful. Because when the internet exist in the world, its easier to found something that connected with their homework just by googling (using the google). Before the internet exist , students must to do it by searching from the newspaper or magazines, and it`s take a long time to search about it, but with the internet it just took a few minutes and something that we search will be found. For people who want to search their old friends, it`s easier too, cause when the internet wasn’t exist yet, we have to found our old friends by asking with our friends or someone we can ask, but with many of social network now ( he examples are : facebook, twitter, tumblr, myspace, skype, etc) it is really so easy to find, cause we just need to write their name and the name who mates with it from all over the world will appear and we just need to find ourselves. †¢ For the youth , we can open our `little` shop by selling something by using the internet. Many of women interested to sell some clothes, cosmetics, handmade crafts, etc. The men are interested too, they can sell something like cars, and another boy stuff. This job help them learn to be an independent people, so they will have some experience before they have to work for a real. ( by make a Blog or sell it in Kaskus ) †¢ Online games, when we heard about this thing, it is not that bad, because it can refreshing our mind and we can do some socialitation to each other, it will practice our teamwork and hone our brain, (for the examples are : ayodance, o2jam, point blank). That game needs a concentration , cause without any concentration, we will lose, and it will be our motivation to win , and without us knowing, that motivation teach us to hone our brain. †¢ INTERNET BANKING , Internet Banking is the distribution channel to provide easy access to the Customer accounts held through the Internet network . It is more Practical, why ? because It can directly conduct banking transaction, includes the world and Without Time Limits. Internet Banking is equipped with security to ensure the security and confidentiality f data transactions that you do. . The Negative Effects from The Internet Even the internet has a lot of positive effects, its also has a lot of negative effects. For the example, there are so many manipulation in a business transaction. That usually make a fake promotion,so it will attract the buyers and pay it ,but without the buyers knowing, they have been manipulated. The examples are : How to use the internet wisely ? Surely we should be able to use the Internet wisely, but sometimes we are often confused to know how to use the internet properly. Now, these are some way to become Internet users who wisely. Internet often makes us addicted, like the social network and the game online. Actually, it is just an entertainment when we feel bored, of course we can not always feel bored. To overcome it, we can find other more useful activities when feeling bored and did not make the Internet as an escape. And use the Internet to find good information, and use the Internet to broaden our knowledge. And don’t use the internet for things that are less important. THANK YOU

Example University Of Maryland Admisson Essay

Example University Of Maryland Admisson Essay Free Online Research Papers Example University Of Maryland Admisson Essay June 11, 2004, 4:37 a.m. As dawn approached I was still awake, packing and repacking my bags. As I noticed the rainy weather I wondered what the weather would be like in Sells, Arizona. I had been anticipating this missions trip for weeks and had planned meticulously for it. My parents called me paranoid, but I really only wanted to be prepared; after all, I was going to live for weeks without family. The first step in this new experience was to let go of the starting point and family. As I left for the airport, they looked at me as though they would never see me again. However, although the worry they expressed was earnest, something inside me felt compelled to push away all my insecurities as we exchanged our farewells. After the missions teams five hour plane ride across America to Sells, we were at our final destination. Surprisingly, after the strenuous workout of dragging around heavy luggage with a combination of being sleep-deprived, one look at the few enthusiastic church members was all it took to transfer their contagious energy into my own body. Thousands of miles away from home, I felt as though I had been abducted by aliens since my surroundings were remote and exotic. The exhausting heat and barren land were all foreign to me. Upon arriving at the destination, I observed carefree children playing in decrepit shelters. As I adjusted to my surroundings, I befriended the natives that I would live with for the next two weeks. Each one of them possessed a unique personality; yet, like my friends at home, they all had the same quality in their smile, which never failed to persuade me to return that same genuine smile. However, despite their seemingly contented attitude on the surface, deep inside each one of them was a harrowing whimper for help. Many were struggling to escape poverty, gangs, homelessness, drugs, and hardships beyond my imagination. Soon, I realized that I took many of my opportunities and possessions for granted, and became more determined than ever to give what I could to my Arizona kids. . The unforgiving sunlight woke me every morning and hauled me out of my sleeping bag. Although sometimes I would be discouraged at the challenging tasks before me, my comrades, especially my friend Steves utmost jubilation and optimism encouraged me as we tackled another day of service. After a couple days of the routine breakfast, bible study and crafts, praise and worship, I became gradually more confident in my abilities to help others. I formed habit of waking up early and tried to rise even before the sun. One morning I set out to help my pastor prepare the days food and services. In return, I received gratitude and sense of assurance from my pastor and the other missionaries analogous to the comfort of home and family. In my serving I received, in return, a sense of accomplishment and belonging. This leadership position was crucial because of the duties that I fulfill for the mission and children. But, I also realized such position holds a greater importance because I am able to be a motivator and influence others in a undertaking to make a difference in old child, an elderly, disabled, and countless others who seek help. In every project my prayer was that I would make at least one persons day brighter. I grew less aware of unbearable heat and lack of luxury, as I saw the change in the lives of the children I met. I devoted every motion and thought into the service to the children. What I thought would be a simple mission trip extended to one of much more significance, a lesson in life, giving me motivation to view life in a new perspective. I came to realize just how harsh of a condition these kids grew up in. Having always been provided with all the necessities in life by none other than my own two parents, I never understood exactly how well I had it. Essentially, what began as a mission to change the kids became a journey in which these kids, who were more unfortunate than I ever was, changed me by teaching me to cherish everything I had. .I returned home, with a better understanding of the importance of family, a greater appreciation for my teachers and their service in education. I also gained a new determination to serve those around me. Through my involvement of community service, ranging from serving food and playing music in homeless shelters to helping the elderly play bingo at retirement homes to tutoring elementary school kids, I have realized the truth in Martin Luther Jr.s proclamation: Everybody can be great because anybody can serve. You dont have to have a college degree to serve. You dont have to make your subject and verb agree to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul generated by love. By attending University of Maryland, I hope to find even more opportunities to serve others. Realizing the importance of viewing every opportunity as a precious gift, I am confident that I will be able to take my pursuit of knowledge to its highest level. I am excited to be immersed in intellectual inquiry that I seek from a college setting and will make myself be known as a disciplined person who tackles challenges and is not satisfied until the best has been achieved. Through exchange of ideas and collaboration of efforts, I wish to build a promising and fulfilling future where I can not only fulfill my dreams but impacting the lives of people I love, know and live among this world. To me, college is the best opportunity that can be given to a person; I will seize college to make it the pinnacle of my accomplishments. Research Papers on Example University Of Maryland Admisson EssayThe Spring and AutumnThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XTrailblazing by Eric AndersonInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Biography of Kurt Schwitters, German Collage Artist

Biography of Kurt Schwitters, German Collage Artist Kurt Schwitters (June 20, 1887 - January 8, 1948) was a German collage artist who anticipated many later movements in modernist art, including the use of found objects, Pop Art, and art installations. Initially influenced by Dadaism, he created his own style, which he called Merz. He used found objects and items others considered garbage to create aesthetically appealing works of art. Fast Facts: Kurt Schwitters Full Name: Kurt Hermann Eduard Karl Julius SchwittersOccupation: Collage artist and painterBorn: June 20, 1887 in Hanover, GermanyDied: January 8, 1948 in Kendal, EnglandParents: Eduard Schwitters and Henriette BeckemeyerSpouse: Helma FischerChild: Ernst SchwittersSelected Works: Revolving (1919), Construction for Noble Ladies (1919), The Merzbau (1923-1937)Notable Quote: The picture is a self-sufficient work of art. It is not connected to anything outside. Early Life and Career Kurt Schwitters was born into a middle-class family in Hanover, Germany. At age 14, he suffered an epileptic seizure, a condition that recurred throughout much of his life and had a significant impact on the way he looked at the world. Schwitters began studying art at the Dresden Academy in 1909 seeking a traditional career as a painter. In 1915, when he returned to Hanover, his work reflected a post-impressionist style, showing no impact from modernist movements such as cubism. In October 1915, he married Helma Fischer. They had one son who died as an infant and a second son, Ernst, born in 1918. Initially, Kurt Schwitters epilepsy exempted him from military service in World War I, but as conscription expanded late in the war, he faced enlistment. Schwitters didnt serve in battle, but he spent the last 18 months of the war serving as a technical draftsman in a factory. Genja Jonas / Public Domain First Collages The economic and political collapse of the German government at the end of World War I had a profound impact on Karl Schwitters art. His painting turned toward Expressionist ideas, and he began picking up litter in the streets as found objects to incorporate into works of art. Schwitters gained the attention of other artists in postwar Berlin with his first one-person exhibition at Der Sturm Gallery. He created a non-sensical Dada-influenced poem, An Anna Blume, for the event and displayed his first collage works. Through the use of items that others would consider garbage, Schwitters illustrated his idea that art could emerge from destruction. Construction for Noble Ladies (1919). Kurt Schwitters / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain Kurt Schwitters was suddenly a respected member of the Berlin avant-garde. Two of his closest contemporaries were Austrian artist and writer Raoul Hausmann and German-French artist Hans Arp. Merz or Psychological Collage While he engaged directly with many artists in the Dada movement, Kurt Schwitters devoted himself to the development of his own style that he labeled Merz. He adopted the name when he found a piece of an advertisement from the local bank or kommerz that contained only the last four letters. The Merz magazine first appeared in 1923. It helped solidify Schwitters place in the European art world. He supported lectures and performances by a wide range of Dada artists, musicians, and dancers. He often created collages to help advertise the events. The Merz collage style is also often called psychological collage. Kurt Schwitters work avoids non-sensical construction by trying to make sense of the world with a harmonious juxtaposition of found objects. The materials included sometimes made witty references to current events, and other times were autobiographical including bus tickets and items given to the artist by friends. In 1923, Kurt Schwitters began the construction of the Merzbau, one of the most ambitious of his Merz projects. He ultimately transformed six rooms of his familys house in Hanover. The process was a gradual one and involved contributions of art and objects from Schwitters ever-expanding network of friends. He completed the first room in 1933 and expanded from there into other parts of the house until fleeing to Norway in 1937. A bombing raid destroyed the building in 1943. Merzbau. Sprengel Museum / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain In the 1930s, Kurt Schwitters reputation spread internationally. His work appeared in two landmark 1936 exhibitions at the Museum of Modern Art in 1936. One show was titled Cubism and Abstract Art and the other Fantastic Art, Dada, and Surrealism. Exile from Germany In 1937, the Nazi government in Germany labeled Kurt Schwitters work degenerate and confiscated it from museums. On January 2, 1937, after finding out that he was wanted for an interview with the Gestapo, Schwitters fled to Norway to join his son who left a week earlier. His wife, Helma, stayed behind in Germany to manage their property. She visited Norway regularly until the outbreak of World War II in September 1939. The last time Kurt and Helma saw each other was a family celebration in Oslo, Norway in June 1939. Helma died in 1944 of cancer before World War II ended. After Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Norway in 1940, Schwitters escaped to Scotland with his son and daughter-in-law. As a German national, he was subject to a series of interments by the U.K. authorities in Scotland and England until he eventually arrived at Hutchinson Square in Douglas on the Isle of Man on July 17, 1940. Dadaists in Germany including Kurt Schwitters. Apic / Getty Images A collection of terraced houses around Hutchinson Square served as an internment camp. Most of those in residence were German or Austrian. It soon became known as an artists camp since so many internees were artists, writers, and other intellectuals. Kurt Schwitters soon became one of the most prominent residents of the camp. He soon opened up studio space and took on art students, many of whom later became successful artists. Schwitters earned release from the camp in November 1941, and he moved to London. There he met Edith Thomas, the companion of his last years. Kurt Schwitters met a number of other artists in London including British abstract artist Ben Nicholson and Hungarian modernist pioneer Laszlo Moholy-Nagy. Later Life In 1945, Kurt Schwitters moved to the Lake District of England with Edith Thomas for the last stage of his life. He moved into new territory in his painting creating what are considered precursors to the later Pop Art movement in a series titled For Kate after his friend, art historian Kate Steinitz. Schwitters spent many of his last days working on what he called the Merzbarn in Elterwater, England. It was a recreation of the spirit of the destroyed Merzbau. To maintain his income, he was forced to paint portraits and landscape pictures that could be sold easily to residents and tourists. These show a heavy influence from his Post-Impressionist past. Kurt Schwitters died on January 8, 1948, from chronic heart and lung disease. This is a cover of a book of 8 lithographs entitled Die Kathedrale, published in Hanover in 1920. This publication was created as response to the Dadaism included in the periodical Dada: Receuil litteraire et artistique by Tristan Tzara. Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images Legacy and Influence Whether intentional or not, Kurt Schwitters was a pioneer anticipating many later developments in modernist art. His use of found materials anticipated the later collage work of artists like Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg. He believed that art couldnt be and shouldnt be restricted to a frame on a wall. That point of view impacted the later development of installation and performance art. The series For Kate is considered proto-pop art through its use of a comic book art style. Merzzeichnung 47 (1920). Kurt Schwitters / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain Arguably, the most complete representation of Schwitters artistic point of view was his beloved Merzbau. It allowed those in the building to immerse themselves in an aesthetic environment composed of found objects, autobiographical references, and the contributions of friends and acquaintances. Sources Schulz, Isabel. Kurt Schwitters: Color and Collage. The Merrill Collection, 2010.

Annotated bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Annotated bibliography - Essay Example Abdulla states that this is evident in the number of bankruptcy reports from online companies. Accordingly, Abdulla concludes that developing the online skills of employees in business if they should attempt to thrive amidst the stiff competition in the online market. Barkley, D. L., Markley, D. M., & Lamie, R. D. (2007). E-Commerce as a business strategy: Lessons learned from case studies of rural and small town businesses. (UCED Working paper). Clemson University, South Carolina. This article focuses on the usage of internet of small businesses in rural areas. The research respondents include 25 rural businesses and 3 small business service providers with an average number of less than 200 workers. The firms are evaluated relative to the extent of their E-commerce usage. Further, the research covers the benefits, drawbacks, and overall implication of E-commerce in small businesses, such as the profitability of using the internet in establishing B2B and B2C relations. The research a lso outlines the potential points to improve E-commerce business process; this includes the capacity for growth, change, and innovation. Consequently, the research also suggests that, in using E-commerce, it is better to maintain the company’s niche, partner with appropriate business providers, and design and maintain profitable websites. Bryant, J. B. (n.d.). What are the benefits of the internet to business? Chron. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/benefits-internet-business-316.html Bradley’s article discusses the benefits of using the Internet to improve business operations. The discussion relies on the theoretical concept of internet use as a business strategy although it does not relate the strategy to a specific company. Specifically, the article suggests that effective Internet usage opens businesses toward faster communication, global competitiveness, and profitability due to decreased expenses. For instance, using the Internet as an information su perhighway allows businesses to leverage information toward profitability, while integrating internet features in business operations strengthens global audience of businesses. The most significant of these benefits is the cost saving opportunity because of the lower expense compared to face-to-face transactions. Specifically, using the internet saves time, money, and effort while in the long run, the reduction of expenses through internet usage increases the savings and profit rate. Cain, G., & Jones, J. (2008). Employment law: The dangers of social networking sites. NZ Marketing Magazine 27(10), 59. The article discusses the use of social networ

Film Analysis of Dead Man Walking Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Film Analysis of Dead Man Walking - Term Paper Example In order to discuss these critically important principles and relate them to the film under analysis, first the particular scene to which each of them relates the most will be identified. Then, that principle will be scrutinized to appreciate what literature has to say about it and finally, the extent to which each principle relates to the scene described will be critically analyzed. A- Deindividuation Scene: After going through many sessions with Poncelet, Sister Helen develops a special relationship with him and also becomes his confidant. She strongly believes in the value of forgiveness and repeatedly attempts to inculcate the same belief in him in many earlier scenes. It is because of that emphasis that near the end of the film just sometime before Poncelet is about to be executed for his crime, he confides in Sister Helen that he did in fact kill the boy and rape the girl despite having denied these deeds before. In this scene, he takes full responsibility for the cruel demise of both teenagers. What is deindividuation? Deindividuation is popularly described as marked loss of self-awareness to the point that a person becomes uncaring about social code of conduct or norms of the society. The loss of self-awareness is so potent that a person refuses to take responsibility for any action taken by him/her. ... Such people have no regard for others’ lives and do not seem to mind the idea of them bringing suffering or acute distress in other people’s lives. Deindividuation also compels people to violate their personal norms because external norms become more powerful (Pastorino and Doyle-Portillo 473) and engage in activities they would not care about otherwise. It is associated with unbridled and offensive behavior because it lowers the sense of self-awareness leaving a person unable to conscientiously evaluate his/her actions. How the scene conforms to the principle of deindividuation? This scene illustrates how deindividuation played a destructive role in motivating Poncelet to murder two innocent people. Because of wrong influence in the form of Carl Vitello and his own weaknesses, he violated his person code of conduct and lived by the external norms which stimulated him to commit the crime. He had no self-awareness in that moment and even after that, he is not seen willin g to take responsibility for his heinous actions. Before this scene, he always admitted being high on drugs but blamed Vitello for killing the teenagers leaving himself out of the main action. His personal norm was to lie about the real situation and he tried to live by that norm. However, when the moment of execution finally dawns on him, he loses self-awareness and the will to protect himself. Here, the external norms of Sister Helen related to honesty and taking responsibility for one’s actions become more powerful. B- Schemas Scene: Near the end of the movie, Sister Helen tells Pocelet that he is a son of God and should expect forgiveness because while he is being executed, Christ would be here.

Variability of Solar Activity Parameters

Variability of Solar Activity Parameters Chapter 7: Overall Conclusion and Future Prospect of Research In the present work, efforts have been given to get an idea of variability of solar activity parameters during the recent solar minimum period and also to understand the effect of the solar activity parameters at the F2 region of the ionosphere. As our dependence on technological systems operating in and through the outer reaches of our terrestrial environment is continuously increasing, it is very necessary to get a clear idea about the variability of the ionosphere, magnetosphere and the sun itself which is primary source that drives not only our terrestrial environment but also the entire interplanetary domain. The properties of solar activity parameters and the use of GPS derived ionospheric TEC as a tool for investigation of the ionosphere are explained in detail under the current research work. The study shows that the ionospheric variability is well coupled with solar activity parameters and phase of solar activity also. The ionospheric problems studied here are mainly concern ed with satellite based navigation. Over recent years, the solar activity effects of the ionospheric parameters have received renewed interest, and considerable progress has been achieved. The present research work focuses on four aspects – Firstly the behaviour of various solar activity parameters (mainly sunspot and solar radio flux) during the recent solar minimum period. It has been noted from a preliminary study that the correlation coefficient of radio emission and sunspot number was low with respect to the correlation coefficients of previous solar minima. During this minima period, the frequency distribution of correlation coefficient of radio flux and sunspot number is random whether it has a similar pattern for previous three minima which suggest an unusual behaviour of radio flux during this minimum. Secondly, noting the unusual behaviour of radio flux, a rigorous periodic analysis of basal component of solar radio flux of different frequencies has been done as these frequencies reveal the physical nature of the source regions. The analysis has exposed that during recent extended solar minimum period the large magnetic structures (independent of sunspot activity) of solar coronal region might had a similar rotation with fairly homogeneous structure and towards the chromospheric layers the homogeneity disappears and the rotation rate was also different for different portions of the chromospheres. The periodicities obtained for X-ray flux have also been found in other solar-activity parameters which give an indication that there may be connectivity between sunspot X ray flux and some other solar activity parameters as the periodicities of both types of magnetic structures are nearly matching. This may be an indication to the underlying global mechanism that modulates different. Thirdly, after getting some idea about the solar activity parameters, efforts have been given to understand the effect of these activity parameters on ionosphere. The earth directed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the sun, which result in increased pressure characterized by sudden increases in solar wind velocity, temperature and density as well as large changes in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) specially its north–south component (Bz), trigger the geomagnetic storms. These storms affect the ionosphere and makes such studies important from the point of view of space weather related processes. Here the effect of two geomagnetic storm of april and july 2012 on low latitude ionosphere has been studied. During the storms the depression and enhancements in VTEC compared to quiet time means VTEC was observed. This significant perturbation level in VTEC during the geomagnetic storm period may lead to the disturbances in navigation and communications systems which are now a days being used by civilian as well as military. These storm time perturbations in VTEC compared to quiet time mean values are caused by electro dynamical (PPE and DDE) as well mechanical effects (neural wind lifting effects and thermospheric composition changes) which are originated during the periods of geomagnetic storms. So these are the main key factors controlling the low latitude ionosphere’s response to the geomagnetic storm. Fourthly, a comparative study of the model and in-situ measurement of ionospheric parameters has been done. The last chapter deals on the investigation of the effect of the solar activity parameter on ionosphereric electron content and the investigation has been done by using the in-situ measurement data of the ionosphere. The in-situ measurement of TEC using the GPS and from the IGS stations is not possible from all places. So to understand the global distribution of TEC we need model data. Among all the ionospheric models, International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is being widely used which is constantly being improved and updated by the scientific committee. In present time the most recent version of this model is IRI 2012. In this chapter, the diurnal, monthly and seasonal variations of the GPS-TEC are compared with those derived from the latest IRI 2012 model from four different stations. The study reveals that TEC with topside option IRI-2001 overestimates the observed GPS TEC i n low latitude regions in most of the times and the modeled TEC from other two options of IRI are in agreement with the observed TEC data. The matching between the IRI TEC and observed TEC is totally dependent on the local time, location and phase of the solar cycle and the largest deviations in model and observed TEC occur as a result of poor estimation of foF2 and NmF2 from the coefficients of IRI model. As the sophistication of our space based technological systems increases rapidly, their vulnerability to disturbances in space weather also increases. Performance of modern satellites used in global communications, weather predictions, remote sensing, defense systems and a variety of ground based scientific and operational systems depends on information we have on our ionosphere. The ionosphere is a highly variable medium and the low latitude ionosphere contributes the maximum variability. So a complete understanding of low latitude ionospheric phenomena is very essential. The Indian subcontinent lies in the low latitude region and thus gives us an opportunity to study the low latitude ionosphere. The north-east India is the region which lies in the EIA zone and hence the data of agartala station has its own importance. Presently we are using the GPS dual frequency receiver as a tool for investigating the low latitude ionosphere. New instrument like ionosonde will be recently install ed at our university which will give us a strong support in the ionospheric investigation. In order to get the idea of the global distribution of TEC, the variation of TEC from all the places need to be studied. But the in-situ measurement of TEC data from all the places is not available. So for this we need to depend on model TEC data. The US based models are best for their region not for Indian regions. So to get the variability of Indian subcontinent’s ionospheric region the in-situ measurement from Indian region is mostly important. As we have seen for around 92 degree longitude our study may be a significant input parameter for the modeling of ionosphere. Beside this study, it is expected to extend it for further investigation of ionosphere using GPS dual frequency receiver and ionosonde as tools.

Research Critique †Burns And Grove Essay

Introduction Burns and Grove (2011), define qualitative research is a standardized, personal way used to define life experiences and grant them meaning. A qualitative study must establish a dilemma or research problem, does not contain a hypotheses, and the research questions, which evolve as the study progresses are usually very broad. As a result, the person conducting the study looks for data to form impressions; this type of research cannot be measured. This qualitative research critique will analyze the problem statement, purpose and research questions, literature review and conceptual framework of Qualitative Study on the Impact of Falling in Frail Older Persons and Family Caregivers: Foundations for an Intervention to Prevent Falls. Critical Appraisal Problem Among adults 65 years of age and older, falls are the main purpose of injury death and the most typical reason for nonfatal injuries and trauma related hospital admissions. In 2010, approximately two million nonfatal fall injuries in older adults were cared for in emergency departments with costs totally approximately $30 billion (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Injuries sustained from falls include fractures (hip, spine, forearm, leg, ankle, pelvis, hand), lacerations, and head traumas. Often times after a fall, an individual will become disabled, lose their independence, or develop a fear of falling again causing them to decrease their activity level. Decreased activity level results in decreased mobility and muscle mass, loss of being physically fit, and actually increases an elderly person’s chances of falling. In addition to the physical injuries from falls, patients also suffer emotionally and socially, as do their caregivers from increased dependence on them. Purpose and Research Questions The objective of the study was to review the impacts of falls in older adults, some of whom had cognitive impairments and the impacts on their  primary caregivers who were family members. The subjects taking part in the study all had recently experienced a fall. The other purpose of the study was to make recommendations for a fall prevention program. While the researchers did not provide the questions they used, based on the information given they were questions such as: What are the consequences you fear from falling (physical, emotional, social)? What caused the fall? How did you cope with the fall? What do you expect from a fall prevention program? The qualitative method of the grounded theory: a constant comparative analysis to identify common themes and issues was used to answer the authors’ research questions. Qualitative research is a methodical, personal way used to illustrate personal experiences and give them meaning. In a qualitative study, participants are chosen by those conducting the study to participate because of their knowledge, views, or experiences related to the study rather than by chance (Burns & Grove, 2011). In this study, the purpose and research questions used were related to the study about falls in the elderly and the impact it has on both them and their caregivers. Literature Review The authors of the article researched both qualitative and quantitative studies relevant to the focus of their study on falls. The study used references from 1988 through 2009 and approximately half of them were greater than five years old and the other half were less than five years old. Protocols for qualitative research were followed with regard to purposive sampling and triangulation, the sampling and data analysis reached saturation, and the manuscripts of the interviews were tested with interviewees (Faes et al., 2010). Some weaknesses of the study were the small sample size and the fact that the results were not statistically valid for other populations. The literature review presented valid evidence and information to support the authors’ argument for the need for a fall prevention program to discuss and educate people on ways to reduce the consequences of falling and provide information on safety to prevent falls. Frame of Reference When conducting this study, the grounded theory guided the authors who interviewed 10 caregivers and 10 patients. Three patients were cognitively unimpaired, four had mild cognitive impairments and the remaining three were dementia patients. All patients had experienced a recent fall and both them and their caregivers were used as the authors’ frame of reference. After the study, a framework was developed from the study findings that consisted of two tables that presented the socio-demographic and health characteristics of patients and the socio-demographic and health characteristics of caregivers and their care recipients. Interview responses were also categorized into the following categories: emotions, social consequences, attributions, coping, burden and rewards of care giving, and fall prevention program. This framework was used by the authors to determine the need for a fall prevention program. Conclusion Falls impact the elderly physically, emotionally and socially as well as contribute to added stress amongst their caregivers. Therefore, the authors of this study suggested that a fall prevention program involving both patients and caregivers should be implemented. The fall prevention program should target reducing the consequences of falling, provide advice on walking and standing more safely, promote self-efficacy and activity, and discuss the cause of falls (Faes et al., 2010). Caregivers should also be properly educated on ways to prevent falls and on how to supervise cognitively impaired patients. References Burns, N. & Grove, S.K. (2011). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence- based practice. Retrieved from http://pageburstls.elsevier.com/#/books/978-1-4377-0750-2/pages/52532283 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Falls among older adults: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Falls/adultfalls.html Faes, M., Reelick, M., Joosten-Weyn Banningh, L., Gier, M., Esselink, R., & Olde Rikkert, M. (2010). Qualitative study on the impact of falling in frail older persons and family caregivers: Foundations for an intervention to prevent falls. Aging & Mental Health, 14(7), 834-842. doi:10.1080/13607861003781825

Nursing Theory Concept Analysis Nursing Theories

Nursing Theory Concept Analysis Introduction With the numerous nursing theories that have been established throughout the profession, it has become empirical for nursing professionals to be able to sort through the various concepts and critically analyze the significance for individual practice as well as the profession of nursing as a whole. Nursing theories should be analyzed and investigated for the value before acceptance just as new ideas are reviewed prior to implementation into practice. An analysis involves the use of reflective thinking in regards to a chosen theory and assessing the value it will have on specific situation. This concept analysis will focus on Jean Watson’s â€Å"Theory of Human Caring†, with emphasis placed on the†¦show more content†¦Watson felt that caring was conveyed by the philosophy of the nursing profession as an exceptional way of coping with its environment. By applying 10 caring components to practice the patient becomes the focus rather than technology. Literature Review A foundation built on the concept of caring offers the ethical framework necessary to improve staff and patient satisfaction levels including the overall delivery of care provided (Dudkiewicz, 2014). Watson’s Theory of Human Caring can be used to address particular problems noted with in practice as well as the manner in which care is delivered among healthcare organizations by concentrating on the concept of caring. Nursing based on a foundation of caring provides a healing environment that fosters and promotes the growth of the nurse-patient relationship which further leads to the promotion of healing (Quinn, 2009). Patient satisfaction levels is an established indicator of the effectiveness and quality of care in the healthcare system. Patient satisfaction is further related to patient safety in a way that it impacts patient compliance with prescription medication, medical recommendations and follow through with regimens (Palese et al., 2011). The relationship made between the nurse and the patient is imperative in the overall patient experience and the perception of the care received. Patient satisfaction is directly related to quality of nurse caring during nurse-patient interaction. As stated by Watson, aShow MoreRelatedConcept Analysis : An Essential Part Of Nursing Theory Development1285 Words   |  6 PagesConcept Analysis Abigail Giovacchini Chamberlain College of Nursing  Concept Analysis Concept Analysis is an essential part of nursing theory development. Analyzing concepts of theories assists the reader in defining the attributes of the theory as well as identifying key points developed in the theory. Concept analysis helps clarify theories and evaluate their meanings. 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Robert Lorway s Defiant Desire - 936 Words

Review of Defiant Desire in Namibia Robert Lorway delivers a feminist perspective with his ethnography, Defiant Desire in Namibia. Lorway examines sexuality as both a social construct and a political one. While this ethnography provides unparalleled information about gender and sexuality in the poorer world, there are a few important flaws, such as the lack of information about radical ideas or behavior, neglect of his own bias, and the length of the ethnography. My ethnography of choice was, Defiant Desire in Namibia: Female sexual-gender transgression and the making of political being. Written by Robert Lorway from the University of Manitoba. Lorway identifies as a gay male in his late twenties, who is a Canadian person of†¦show more content†¦These were his metaphorical backstage passes into their secretive culture. In this ethnography, Lorway analyzes female sexual desire and the challenges these women face. He discusses problems with their president, their families, their employment and the aggression against them. Many of these women reported being stabbed multiple times by both women and men. They also claimed that it is not uncommon for women to be raped in Namibia, and being lesbians give them a better sense of security. HIV is extremely prevent in Namibian society, and some of these women even report a fear of sleeping with men for this reason. Lorway arrived in Namibia in 2001, shortly after their president announced that all LGBT peoples would be thrown in prison. One women who was incarcerated was thankful for the consistent food and shelter. During rough times, these lesbians would become prostitutes as well, despite the fact that they were not sexually attracted to men. Overall, these working class lesbians faced numerous hardships, with little support outside of their organizations The Rainbow Project and Sister Namibia. They also preferred in most cases to use the western labels, such as lesbian , despite the government s attempt to claim that homosexuality in unnatural and a western cultural import. The theory of feminism is prominent in this ethnography. The author is extremely