Causes Of Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Causes Of Cancer - Essay Example Occupation-related cancer comprises 5 to 20% of the cases. The minimum of 200,000 people worldwide dies annually from cancer induced by harmful workplace conditions. The majority of deaths linked to occupational risk factors happen in the developed countries. In the U.S. only, 20,000 cancer deaths and 40,000 newly registered cases a year can be attributed to dangerous chemicals inhaled or contacted with while at work. Genetic factors can also play a crucial role in cancer development. Mutations of the genome alter the growth patterns and make targeted cells potentially cancerous. Sometimes, genetic mutations may be present from the moment of birth, and a syndrome is called family cancer syndrome. The mutation usually occurs in one or several tumor suppressor genes. Such individuals are predisposed to having cancer, but they do not necessarily develop clinical signs. Every gene is represented in the cell with two copies called alleles. Cancer syndromes are usually transferred in the autosomal dominant way. This means that even one altered allele is enough for the individual to be predisposed to cancer. Potential children of such a person and an individual with two intact alleles are at a 50% risk of being born sick (Brown & Anderson, 2007). The regularity, called a two-hit hypothesis, says that the first hit is the genome mutation and the second one happens later in life. Since only one allele is to be altered, the chance of developing a disease is higher in affected people than in the rest of population.

Analysis of Advert Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Analysis of Advert - Essay Example 3). Marketing strategy is a plan to which the firms should adhere to so to have an upper hand over its competitors and plans to achieve the desired objectives. In formulation of the marketing strategy and to sell the product effectively, analysis of cost benefit should be undertaken. Nike: Ad Appeal Nike is the leading innovator in footwear for the athletic including apparels, accessories and equipment. Mission of Nike is to bring inspiration along with innovation to each and every athlete across the globe. Nike’s consumer affairs mission aims to provide the customers with the highest standard of service building loyal consumer relationship across the globe (Nike, 2011). The above prints advertisement describes the advertising strategy along with the aim and motive of the company. Nike mission is to provide innovative and comfortable footwear, apparel and other accessories to the athletic around the world and this is depicted truly through the above given prints advertisements . ... Nike with its â€Å"Just Do It† campaign was able to increase the domestic share and worldwide sales. The campaign had captured the corporate philosophy of determination, grit and of course passion. Nike is known for determination, detachment and unsentimental attitude. However with its campaign of â€Å"Just Do It† it was able to reassure the consumers that Nike was a quality brand. Celebrity endorsement has also appealed to consumers and it became a self fulfilling image (CFAR, 1998). Marketing Concept The marketing concept will take into consideration the following which help to determine the marketing strategy of Nike and further implementation on the same. Segmentation Segmentation is necessary for business to perform as it helps the firm to differ its product from its competitors which gives rise to healthy competition. All consumers are not alike and thus different consumers have different types of needs and thus by segmentation the market place and by choosing t he target market, companies will be able t provide all the benefits to its desired market segment. Once the target market has been identified along with the segment the company will be able to decide on the mode of advertising. The prints ads of Nike clearly have indicated the segment that Nike caters to. In all the prints ads of Nike along with the two print ads shown in this section determine the segment of Nike. Nike has segmented its product for the young and for the middle aged people within the age group of 20 to 50 years. Based on economic segmentation Nike has segmented its product accordingly to the lifestyles of high, medium and also for the low end customers. Geographically Nike has segmented the market into various segments

Risk Management Plan For A Bakery Business Management Essay

Risk Management Plan For A Bakery Business Management Essay After Graduation I want to pursue my career as a Bakery Business Entrepreneur. Food is one of the basic essentials of life therefore a proper industrial bakery channel is likely to yield high profits. The business has great potential for expansion as by starting off with a small industry I can make retail and wholesale stores. How dubious the economic situation may be this business generally keeps on moving if quality standards are maintained. My bakery will offer all sorts of breads, muffins, pastries, cakes etc. with special attention for catering to the needs of gluten allergy sufferers. Before starting my own business Ill survey present bakeries operating in the country, analyze the success rate of the most valued existing franchises and then hire professional bakers on the basis of merit. Risk Management Plan: A successful risk management initiative should be proportionate to the level of risk in the organization (as related to the size, nature and complexity of the organization), aligned with other corporate activities, comprehensive in its scope, embedded into routine activities and dynamic by being responsive to changing circumstances (IRM, 2010). Following is the brief description of risk management plan that Ill adopt once my business swings into action. My plan will begin with the process of risk assessment that aims to make employers more apt for taking the right action in terms of improving workplace production, safety, health, etc. therefore let us discuss the major risks associated with the development of a baking industry. Property Risks that could arise from ownership or renting: Normally all entrepreneurs suffer three kinds of losses: the property loss which could be direct or indirect, the liability loss and income loss concerned with employees unforeseen predicaments. Direct property loss may occur due to calamities like fire, thunderstorm, theft etc. In bakeries equipment and surroundings is often at risk of catching fire. In case of catastrophe, specialized waste management firms might be contacted to clear the debris and the firm would have to continue daily activities in a temporary accommodation. Companys statistical records would be saved elsewhere to avoid major losses. Indirect property losses may result in renovation of the damaged property e.g. the factory in baked items are made, paying transport vans rentals after the vehicle was stolen etc. In order to avoid such issues my businesss property would be properly insured so that any loss from unforeseen events could be compensated. An insurance agent will provide checklists to help identify total property loss. All information regarding site ownership and purchased price documents would be kept handy (Dorfman, 1998, p. 68). Liability Risks: Liability insurance is one of the most important steps while launching a business that is often overlooked. Product liability occurs when a firms products allegedly injure the public. Environmental impairment liability arises from violating federal or state statutes designed to protect the environment, or from lawsuits from parties claiming injury caused by a firms improper handling of toxic substances(Dorfman, 1998, p.51). As the chief owner my business will include employers liability, public liability, stock, building, vans and money insurance. Product liability and other quality related issues will require the services of an attorney to make sure that the procedures are standardized, this will surely put up extra cost but it is worth all the effort as a little mistake is likely to destabilize business. Proper insurance of the bakery business is essential. To get my bakery franchise legalized, Ill have to abide by government regulations like obtaining a bakery license regulated by the state. E.g. In California Bakery Licences are issued by the Department of Alcoholic Beverages. In order to avoid any risks Ill obtain a business license LLC and a Tax i.d. number. A Foot Handler permit would be needed by employees of the bakery. Another essential step is the hygiene factor. From raw material till the transportation of bakery items special care is needed. For food safety management, government has launched specific standards like the Food Legislation (Local and EU legislation), GMP that stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, Good Hygiene Practices (GHP). The quality of bakery items should be in accordance with the Quality management international system like the ISO 9001, ISO 22000, BRC and others (Ehavald, 2009). Auto Risks: Auto insurance compensates the financial losses if the vehicle undergoes an accident while in business use e.g. while transporting of bakery products. My bakery business would be auto risk insured before hand. Insurance company will provide property, medical and liability finance in case of auto risk occurrence. Property financing would be given in case the transport vehicle is stolen by theft. Liability coverage compensates the damage done to others as a legal responsibility. Medical expenses will be paid for the funeral, lost salary or injury treatments of employees who suffered in the accident. The agreement with the insurance company includes specified regular payments made by the employer (Dorfman, 1998, p.272). OSHA concerns: OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) is a federal law brought into action in 1970. Its main aim was to ensure a safe working environment for the employees. OSHA creates two duties for employers. One is to remove all recognized hazards from the work environment. The second is to comply with the standards for a safe working environment as published in the Bulletin from The Department of Labor(Dorfman, 1998, p.272). OSHA inspectors take on-site reviews and in case of violation heavy fines are charged to the employer. In order to manage this risk my business manager will keep a detailed record of any occupational hazards that resulted in severe injury or death of an employ. Lessons will be learnt to avoid future incidents. For new workers training will be provided for using potential risk equipment with care like sharp knives and electrical machinery. Harassment Issues: Harassment encompasses hostile work environment or sexual harassment. US Department of Labor revealed that over 16,000 cases of harassment are reported each year. Claims can be created by men, women, co-workers, managers, customers, owners, vendors and others(Dorfman, 1998, p.126). My business will be an equal opportunity for both genders. Any kind of harassment reported to the authorities would be dealt with severe penalties for future concerns. In every department whether its sales or production, women will be allowed to work on the basis of merit. Age Discrimination: The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects certain applicants and employees 40 years of age and older from discrimination on the basis of age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, or terms, conditions or privileges of employment. The ADEA is enforced by the  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Civil Rights Act of 1964  prohibits discrimination in hiring, promotion, discharge, pay, fringe benefits, job training, classification, referral, and other aspects of employment, on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. This law is also implemented by the  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Keeping in view the existing laws, retirement age in my business firm would be sixty. Young skilled employees will be welcomed to join the team. Discrimination due to disability: Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits employers of 15 or more workers, employment agencies, and labor organizations of 15 or more workers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities (Solis, Hilda L, 2010). Group Disability Income Insurance: Compensation is to be granted if an employee is disabled by a work related accident. Although workers compensation benefits are rarely adequate, they do ensure economic security for the workers family (Dorfman, 1998, p.501). Long term disability benefits will be insured and remain applicable until a specified age of 60. As Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits state and local governments from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in programs, activities, and services therefore employees with mobility or speech impairments could be adjusted in dealing with the technological affairs like managing websites or dealing with the customers on telephone. The report on European Agency for safety at work states that the physical working environment should suit the employees with disabilities. In addition to the above mentioned OSH Legislations my working conditions would take into account that flooring, stairways should be slip resistant. Ergonomic Principles will be kept in mind while designing the business firm (Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero, 2009, p.24). Employer/Employee Issue: Keeping in mind the importance of human capital, my business will involve a well organized workforce. Suggestions would be accepted from the workers regarding quality improvement and managing teamwork. All employees must be trained yearly. Work shops or seminars would be arranged from time to time to keep the bakery updated with the latest technology for baking. Benefits for the Personnel: The personnel policies of the firm would be made keeping in mind the state laws governing in the present scenario. Health insurance would be provided to all workers as part of the employee benefit plan. A baker working by the hour can make anywhere from $8 to $14 per hour on average with an annual salary ranging from $15,000 to $20,000 each year. A baker can require higher pay depending on education, experience and geographical location (Ehavald, 2009). Before my bakery will set into operation, Ill be having six months period of operating costs setback. During that time due to sudden immense expenditure being spent on security deposits and construction, advertising, permits and licenses as well as startup inventory I might not be able to give extra facilities to my employees but after that trial period, once the business is off and running, all remuneration issues will be finalized to keep my employees motivated. How to handle personal issues: Employment practices liability describes the loss potential arising from lawsuits from employees alleging wrongful hiring, promotion, demotion, termination and sexual harassment (Dorfman, 1998, p.51). Hiring an Employee: My business firm will gather in advance as much information about the applicants as possible in order to reduce the risk of negligent hiring. Federal and state anti discrimination laws will be kept in mind during the hiring process. After selecting an employee through proper channel of employment applications he would be assigned work tasks within the firm. Terminating an Employee: It may happen that the selected employee does not come up to the companys expectations. Liabilities involved in terminating an employee might mean invading the companys privacy, reputational risks are also involved. Therefore performance appraisals during job hours and an exit evaluation form offered by the firm would answer the reason for termination of the employee that would be in accordance to the current state laws to avoid any hindrance in the business flow (Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero, 2009). Dealing with Fraud: The firm will have a clear contingency plan for fraud. The responsible employee would be held accountable to compensate his misconduct or in severe case he might even be expelled from the job (Sadgrove, 2005, p.266). External reporting to stake holders: External reporting should provide useful information to stakeholders on the status of risk management and the actions that are being taken to ensure continuous improvement in performance. Firms need to report to its stakeholders on a regular basis, setting out its risk management policies and the effectiveness in achieving its objectives. Increasingly, stakeholders look to organisations to provide evidence of appropriate corporate behaviour in such areas as community affairs, human rights, employment practices, health and safety, and the environment(IRM, 2010). Identifying the risks factors beforehand will help to prevent crisis. The business firm will develop polices to handle risk situations and managers will be appointed in each department to monitor the major risk areas. Quality would be a major detriment in the success of my firm. I hope that once this risk management plan is activated risk losses will reduce to a minimum and profitability is forecasted to occur within a couple of months. Work cited: Amelie Buffet Marie Priha Eero(2009) Workforce Diversity and Risk Assessment: Ensuring everyone is covered. Retrieved at: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TE7809894ENC Dorfman Mark S(1998).Introduction to Risk Management and Insurance 6th Edition. Prentice Hall. Ehavald Helen (2009) Food Safety Risk Management In Bakeries. 3rd SaFoodnet seminar. Retrieved at: http://newananas.vtt.fi/virtual/safoodnet/tallinn/15ehavald.pdf. Sadgrove Kit (2005) The complete guide to business risk management 2nd edition. Gower Publishing.Ltd. Solis Hilda L (2010).United States Department of Labour. Retrieved at: http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/discrimination/agedisc.htm. A structured approach to enterprise risk management (ERM) and the requirements of ISO 31000 (2010). Retrieved at: http://www.theirm.org/documents/SARM_FINAL.pdf. How to start a bakery business. Insights to getting started (2010). Retrieved at: http://www.atouchofbusiness.com/tips/ideas/BakeryBusiness-0015.html

Symbol and Allegory :: essays research papers fc

The use of symbol in poetry and in literature as a whole is commonplace because it is an outlet for the author’s creative psyche. A symbol is a creative use of metaphor, using a comparison but not just a direct comparison. The author attempts to achieve the effect that there is much more than just the reader’s initial reaction creating a want to delve deeper into the true meaning, leaving a vast space of interpretation. Allegory on the other hand is a specific comparison, a symbol that is set in its meaning. This would point towards the absolute meaning of the comparison the poet or author was trying to convey (in other words, a parallel). I have chosen the E.E. Cummings poem â€Å"l(a† because it not only encompasses the idea of symbolism through its need for interpretation, but also due to its simple beauty, creating a visual image of a leaf falling. Edward Estlin Cummings was born on October 14, 1894 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in his family’s home, within an extremely short distance of Harvard (Dreams 9). His word usage and literary abilities were garnered at a young age from his parents. His father Edward was a professor (in fact, the first professor of sociology at Harvard) and a Unitarian minister and his mother Rebecca utilized reading poetry and stories to her children. His father’s strong voice and use of wordplay from his sermons and his mother’s encouragement for E.E. to keep a diary starting at age five started to shape his craft at an early age (Revisited 11). Rebecca aspired for her son to be the next Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (the Cummings family lived across the street from the Longfellow home before E.E. was born) (Dreams 19). Edward Estlin was also a cubist painter in addition to being a poet. During World War I, E.E. Cummings was an ambulance driver in France and was imprisoned under the p retense of treason (Poets.Org). The experience led to one his more important works, The Enormous Room. Around the time of writing â€Å"l(a† E.E. Cummings health was in a very poor state. The poetry reading tours he took part in were furthering his terrible stomach problems in which he had been suffering from around 1955-56 (Dreams 459). In late 1957, his stomach ailments came to a head when a bleeding polyp was discovered in his colon. He spent his sixty-third birthday in a hospital bed and then spent six months in recovery while his â€Å"wife† Marion (of whom he was never actually married to) was in New York (Dreams 461).

Global Leaders Essay

For my essay I chose Nicolas Sarkozy, who is the President of the French Republic. I would describe Nicolas Sarkozy’s leadership style as visionary, affiliative, commanding and pacesetting. Nicolas Sarkozy has a reputation as being â€Å"confident and fast-paced† and â€Å"aggressive†. I would consider Mr. Sarkozy as a visionary on the fact that he was once a lawyer and is close to his people. Mr. Sarkozy inspires people with his vision and reforms. Mr. Sarkozy is affiliative by boosting morale during the economies downturn by saving the French company Alstom. Mr. Sarkozy would be considered commanding and pacesetting on the bases that he is very focus driven and has high standards that he expects to be done when he wants them done. I chose to compare U. S. President Barack Obama to French Republic President Nicolas Sarkozy. I would consider President Obama as the â€Å"new school† style of leadership as opposed to President Sarkozy’s â€Å"old school† style of leadership. I would describe Mr. Obama’s leadership as visionary, coaching, democratic. Mr. Obama and Mr. Sarkozy leadership styles defer in that President Obama is not an aggressive leader but instead puts more effort into the visionary, coaching, and democratic approach to get the people’s value and support. While President Sarkozy has a more my way or the highway approach and more effort is put towards the affiliative, pacesetting and commanding leadership style. Both Presidents have a common style of being visionaries; they spend time in inspiring their people on the course that should be taken.

Precis: the Death of English (Lol)

Precis: The Death of English (LOL) Andrew Chan Language changes as a result of advancement in society, especially today, with the advances due to technology. Technology gives us new ways to communicate, which in turn changes the way we use language. Controversy has arisen with this topic. Some people say that the development of technological advances is in fact deteriorating the English language. Others, though, say that new technology promotes beneficial changes To an extent the English language is suffering because of technology.Technology is not all the fault though. I feel that it is the fault of the society too because they have indulged text language in more than one setting. Whereas it should be kept in the phone realm it has drifted into homework and essays that are handed in for a grade in schools. I do not think that text language or any other short hand is bad if it is kept in an appropriate setting and not used as a substitute for spelling words in the English language. T ext language is like hanging out with friends.In that setting you are comfortable and may not use proper English all of the time but the minute you step foot into a situation with someone of prestige (i. e. a professor) you began to utilize your knowledge for grammar and other important factors that help make up the English language. We just have to remedy the fact that people feel that text language or anything similar can be used anywhere by providing guidelines as to the appropriate use and the appropriate settings this short hand can be used.

Rights people lose on public school property

Rights people lose on public school property Public schools are institutions funded by government through taxpayers’ money, and that is why is owns most of the schools. The heads of schools are accountable to the government because they bear responsibility for running public schools. Government supervises many institutions, from elementary level school to Universities. Even though there is an opinion that there is little supervision on the heads of schools, the government has created a special department which follows schools heads’ performance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Rights people lose on public school property specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Schools have become the place for embezzlement of funds. Corruption can interfere learning in many ways. The heads of school siphon millions of dollars annually through crooked reason leaving children with outdated and discarded books, which eventually lead to their unintentional failure ( Segal 102). Frauds by the heads of schools always hinder development in such schools. This forces some children to learn in unfinished classrooms, without chairs, etc. This deprives the innocent children of their right for healthy and supportive environment. Joel Turtel writes that our public schools have become an educational menace to our children. He shows statistics for 2002 in the New York State Department of Education on public schools where 65% of elementary students, 90% of intermediate student and 84% of high school students failed to meet the New York Standards (86). This failure should be partially attributed to the administration fraud and partially to the students’ irresponsible attitude to studying. Teachers are often overworked due to their little number in comparison with many children. Teachers do not give children attention they need and children may go home with some lessons missed which may lead to class failure at the end of the term. A public school can also turn to be a dangerous place because of violence (Segal 46). Teenagers often lack judgment and cannot control their emotion. With the class, having teenagers of different ages, bullying of younger children by their elders is something inevitable. With no teachers around, children have more time to interact with each other eventually budding peer pressure. Peer pressure makes the class a natural breeding place for drug abuse. Children’s right of protection from substance abuse is therefore suspended. With substance abuse, parents do not expect their children to deliver something substantial from school. Adolescents always have raging hormones and arousing sexuality. Therefore with the critical issue of socialization in public schools, younger girls will end up dropping out of school because of unwanted pregnancies. I believe that bullying, peer pressure, and sexual tension create an environment which is non-blissful and violent. Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mandatory attendance law also contributes to violation of children rights. The law forces children to sit in boring classes from six up to eight hours consequently. This kills desire for learning. Those teenagers who are forced to be at school will take their aggression on other students. The compulsory attendance law helps government own children for 12 years and at the same time assuming the parental responsibility. With all the 12 years, parents have little to say on matters regarding their children. The school authorities nowadays threaten parent with arrest if they choose not to comply with the compulsory attendance law, but many scholars believe this is wrong (Alexander and Alexander 257). Disabled children also face discrimination in public schools. It becomes hectic for the socially impaired children to interact with other kids. They always have motives that other c hildren will subject them to insults. This adds another potential layer of violence. Violence can often kill a child morally. One of the parental responsibilities is protecting their children from adverse sex behaviors. Yet many public schools still force potentially harmful sex education into the brains of the innocent students. Most of the time parents have no control over the content of the classes and hence their children may end up spoiled by the bad values taught. I mean that the failure to incorporate appropriate sexual education, failure of a teacher to create a contact between him/herself and students may lead to controversial effect. Therefore, the lack of attention of a teacher to his/her students and the inability to implement appropriate sexual education may lead to increase of the violence, but not the understanding of the protected healthy sexual relations. Some public schools tend to turn their students against their parents. They tell them stories about child abuse , which make children become suspicious. Some school authorities inquire teachers to ask children how their parents behave at home. Many public schools now teach children anti-Christianity and try to mold children’s mind in a way that they embrace different religions (Turtel 52). Showing children that all religions are good and should be respected, teachers fail to stress on Christianity as native religion and many children are confused. Believing that children are at good hands, parents do not pay much attention to their children and harm them greatly.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Rights people lose on public school property specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People lose their rights mainly because of mismanagement characterizing public schools which is the part of public school property. This gives the implication that the federal government should put more effort in ensuring that these rights are maintained. This can only be achieved by ensuring that the publics are enlightened on the statutes that govern the country. Therefore, public school property depends on many factors and the failure to meet some specific laws, norms of behavior and teaching may result in loss of rights. Work Cited Alexander, Kern and M. David Alexander. American public school law. Cengage Learning, 2005. Print. Segal, Lydia G, et al. Battling Corruption in Americas Public Schools. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005. Print. Turtel, J. Public Schools, Public Menace: How Public Schools Lie to Parents and Betray Our Children. New York: Liberty Books, 2005. Print.

The Use of Bibliography Compared to the Use of Literature Review

The Use of Bibliography Compared to the Use of Literature Review 82% of students who take a gap year, first of all, want to rest and take a step back from the academic field. So, if you are reading this article right now, you either have already enjoyed your time free from papers and research, or dismissed this opportunity not to waste months on understanding who you are and what you want to do with your life. Anyway, all your decisions have led you to this point when you need to grasp the difference between the use of bibliography and literature review (yeah, students often get them confused while writing academic assignments). You have to get your bearings around these two notions in order not to mix them up and submit polished, flawless papers with all its parts completed correctly. Now let’s see what the fuss is all about. Purpose The annotated bibliography is compiled to give a reader a review of all the sources used in an academic piece and their relevance to the topic together with their credibility. In the meanwhile, the literature review has to provide a brief summary of the subject researched in the paper by mentioning and exploring the main written works in the field. Content Organization There are several differences that you have to take into account while comparing and creating a research thesis with these 2 elements: In the bibliography, all the articles and books are arranged as a list according to the alphabetical order whereas the literature review has a structure of a regular text with an introduction, paragraphs and conclusion. Annotated bibliography mentions the source only once giving a small description (100-200 words) of its importance. The literature review can repeat the same works several times if it’s required. In the list, each scientific article or journal has to be analyzed separately while the review presents a number of resources and sorts out whether they disagree or agree. As you can see, these 2 elements are completely different and when you know the distinctive features of each one, it’s actually difficult to mix them up. But identifying details don’t end at this point. Formatting While creating an annotated bibliography, it is significant to take into consideration that its single source contains a description together with a citation preceding it. A citation always has to be formatted following the regulations of a certain referencing style (APA, MLA, etc.). A literature review, in its turn, abides by the rules of the text and in-text citation formatting. All in all, the annotated bibliography is a list of works mentioned in the academic paper organized in alphabetical order that gives a brief account of why they are relevant to the research. The literature review, on the other hand, touches upon the topic under research and specifies the major contributions published throughout some period. Bookmark our article with these definitions and characteristic features to keep it handy whenever you need to find your way around this difference again.

Challenges of Electronic Records Management Program

Therefore, we design the system need to consider many issues when using the system, now we are going to discuss some cases and solutions about this topic. Email with attachments is the lower cost way to keep records. For example: order confirmation, quotation, invoice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc. Many small organizations may not have a faultless email filing plan, they just provide email account which is using POP3 to receive email from SMTP server, even they won’t keep any copy on server if make sure the mail already transmitted to user’s PC. User can print out the hard copy if they think it is a record or they can press delete button on any mail they think it is not useful. But this method have some issues need to beware, if user just pressed the wrong button on some mail, then this mail will not be found anymore. Because we have not any extra copy of this mail, so must be keep the copy on mail server for back up use, we can create destruction period of these extra mail copy, maybe three or six months, it is depends on different company practice. Also, we can provide staff training to teach end user how to operate and fully use email tools to storage email records. Back up schedule for email system also necessary. Some organizations will create shared drive at their work place’s PC network to store or share some centralized files to let multi users read, modify†¦.. etc. This is best way to let users to get the updated information. We need to concern the security and how to protect records consistency, before to create home group network, we need concern how to set up permission of individual user, permission means the user can read, modify, delete files or folder on the network. In general, server’s administrator is allowed to full control the files and folders on shared drive, we won’t allow â€Å"everyone† to full control shared drive’s folder and files. This can avoid someone to destroy any data on shared drive. Also, all data on shared drive need to do the route back up; this avoids the hardware shut down suddenly. Back up can do by manual, copy and paste to external drive, or upload to cloud storage space, or other storage media which can be archival easier. Some organizations need invested many sources and IT support to manage their electronic records management systems (ERMS). For example, hospital and bank, they need storage and process many confidential and private records by daily work. Also, these electronic records system also need link up database to make sure records keep consistency. ERMS can let user to track and store records easier and centralize all the records. User can use sort function to search the records what they need. ERMS can allow multi users to login database. Therefore, should need set up some retractions when design the program. For example, if a record was modifying, system will alert other user this is not updated record. Also, ERMS need keep maximum protection of system to protect any attack from hacker or viruses oppositely. Therefore, these ERMS should need IT support team to monitor the systems daily operation to maintenance systems are operated smoothly and provide urgent support when the system was shut down and solve the trouble issues immediately. Some organizations start to change their paper-based records to digital images. Scanner is the common and user friendly. Their output files can be PDF, TIF†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc. We need use software (Adobe reader or window defaulted software) to open related files. Normally all scan copy should need contain at lease 200 dpi to ensure the soft copy quality. Digital images record is most convenience way and lower cost way to let user search for records and keep long storage life, avoid data will affected by storage environment. But also need select storage media carefully. We need select storage media consider on records’ retention period and activity level. We suggest keeping same retention period record on same storage media, please don’t mix up different retention period records together. Also, if save the records on external storage media, CD-Rom or DVD, it’s need consider the records privacy level, don’t put the storage media to public place, it is easy to disclose the private data if the record is confidential. For confidential records, we suggest to store or archival records use password to meet the protect purpose. Up to now, store electronic records is seldom, many organizations were developing their own electronic record management system. In fact, build up the new system is so easy, but going to maintenance system is hard task. Organizations should be concern and set up some policy is suit for own company to follow. Moreover, disposition procedure of electronic records also very important. If organization decide to use electronic record management system, design workflow of handle electronic records is necessary. Also, staff training is good way to teach end user to use systems to match their daily work for seeking records. This is direct affect records are storage or use well. If electronic records were stored properly, it is totally save organization cost to keep paper-based records and increase staff efficiency. Therefore, build up the faultless system can bring organization many advantages for business, of course need follow above solutions to improve system. If organization can managed electronic records very well, it is bring some confidence to customer; it can earn some goodwill value for business. For the future, we believe paper-less business will be more popularize, that’s why well prepare electronic record management system is very valuable. This can bring organization much future contribution.

How is nursing different from medicine Research Paper

How is nursing different from medicine - Research Paper Example Karen et al (2009) observes that medicine and nursing differ mainly in terms of the assistance that they present to an individual. In regard to their origin it is stipulated that they are different based on their inception. This essay is a critical analysis of the differences between nursing and medicine. It is important to the profession of nursing in order to help nurses to understand what their role is, and what is expected of them by the society. It will also assist nurses in understanding the disconnection between them and medical doctors. The developmental theory in nursing draws around the growth and advancement of individuals, which is a systematic and conventional progression that begins as a simple combination of cells that is the beginning of life, and eventually ends through decease. From the developmental theory, the main factor that serves as an indicator of the disparity between nursing and medicine is that nursing tends to concentrate on issues that have an impact on growth and development. Some of these factors are inherent while others originate from the environment in which a person grows. The manner in which an individual associates with the other members of the society determines the rate of growth and development in a person (Pierce et al 2006). In regard to issues that affect normal body functions such as visual impairment, a physician may not offer much assistance especially when the problem is not curable. The nurse tends to come in handy in assisting an individual to learn how to take care of him/herself in spite of living with the problem. People suffering from physical impairment acquire skills that are necessary for survival and also improve on the quality of their life. Care is therefore core in nursing. The more people are able to care for themselves the more they become capable of avoiding harm hence living a better

Land Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Land Law - Essay Example of the purchase, all three were undergraduates at Hanterbury University, but since graduation A and B have started work in management trainee positions for the Ocean Hotel. C became a postgraduate student at the University. Three months ago, A was told that the hotel wanted to send her on a one-year training programme in Geneva, Switzerland. She discussed the opportunity with B and C, saying that she would like Sardine Cottage to be sold, since in the future she may take up a hotel appointment anywhere in the world and she would rather have her share of the proceeds of sale. B and C told her that they did not want to sell the property, because of its convenience for their work and studies. A consulted a solicitor and asked the solicitor to send a ‘notice of severance’ to B and C. The notice was duly sent, but, before it was delivered to B and C at Sardine Cottage, B was rushed into hospital with serious heart problems. A collected the letters containing the severance not ice, addressed to B and C, immediately after the postman delivered them to Sardine Cottage. B and C have never received the severance notice. B was informed that she was very seriously ill and made a will in hospital leaving all her real and personal property to her mother, W. Unfortunately, B died shortly after making the will. C is stricken with grief over the loss of her cousin B and feels that she would be unable to live in Sardine Cottage in the future. Consequently, she would like the Cottage to be sold. However, due to the credit crunch, A has been told that the training opportunity in Geneva is no longer available and she is opposed to the sale of Sardine Cottage where she wants to continue to live. Moreover, A would like to wait and see if the property market improves before making any decision to sell Sardine Cottage. The registered proprietor of the Ocean Hotel is J, who is also the general manager. The hotel has large grounds, which included a small property

Influence of Religion on Developing Societies Research Paper

Influence of Religion on Developing Societies - Research Paper Example In order to appreciate more clearly the role that religion plays in developing societies, it is important to understand the concept of religion. Religion refers to a social system of beliefs and attitudes regarding objects, people, the sacred/divine and morality. Religion has made key contributions to societal development in the past as it does today. This paper elucidates the complementary nature of religion and development. Research has shown that one of the most significant contributions that any religion makes to societal development is by playing its role as a means of enforcing morality to society members. In societies where there is a prevalent belief in God and a substantial number of the members of society are religious, the moral value of integrity is also prevalent. As such, the resources in such societies are more likely to be fairly distributed to all members of society; this is because those who are in charge of the distribution of resources work with integrity. This contributes to the holistic development of the society. Furthermore, in a society that is prevalently religious, members of such societies are less likely to be distrustful of firms/companies’ ethics since such companies also have ‘religious’ employees who share similar moral values.... According to Weber, the reformation emphasized moral values, such as hard work, austerity, frugality, and loyalty to interests of the group. These values, according to Weber, were the cornerstone of capitalism, which led to intensified economic development (Weber, 1992). Another way in which religion influences developing societies is through its ability to promote the development of personal characteristics, which promote higher productivity among societal members. Such traits include (but are not limited to): a work ethic, prudence in financial spending, integrity and sincerity (Cohen, 2002). Studies indicate that people who possess such characteristics are likely to be more productive and, hence, they contribute more to a society’s economic development. These traits are also invaluable to social development since they encourage productive social interaction. One of the moral traits that members of most developing societies are mostly urged to develop and nurture is hard wor k. Some religions even regard hard work as a God-given responsibility that all human beings should fulfill. As such, religious leaders encourage members of their religions – followers -- to be diligent in everything. Since hard work is required to sustain development; religion, therefore, serves a crucial role in fostering development in societies. Furthermore, religions, such as Christianity and Islam, urge their followers to use hard work as a means of avoiding idleness, which can lead to immorality. Because of this, religion is an effective tool in development since it discourages the undertaking on non-productive activities, such as crime and laziness, and it encourages members to engage in productive endeavors. By promoting the concept of honest living,

Financial regulation in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial regulation in the UK - Essay Example Cancellation of numerous professionals regulatory and oversight bodies, and join all regulation in one institution responsibility for the supervision of banks was receive from the Bank of England, and pertains simultaneously with all other statutory financial organisations and markets, Financial Services Authority (FSA). Many other nations have furthermore lately altered the organizational structure of economic regulation and supervision with the general tendency is to decrease the number of institutions. However, there is no general convention was in the details. Masciandaro, D (2002) In specific, while some (including Great Britain, Korea, Iceland, Denmark, Latvia, Sweden, Hungary) adopted a unified set about the bureau (after all, as far as prudential supervision concerned), it was not a universal form, when the change was made. Review of worldwide knowhow shows a broad kind of institutional structures (see Good hart et al., 1998). Some nations have established a lone body for pru dential supervision, while other ones have opted for multiple agencies. Some of them also conceived a lone body. It is shown that the spectrum alternatives, other than either / or alternative, and there is substantial diversity in spectrum and even inside the identical rudimentary model. National dissimilarities contemplate many factors: chronicled evolution, structure, economic scheme, political organisations and customs, and the dimensions of the homeland and the economic sector. Masciandaro, D (2002) Regulatory Approaches The Integrated Approach In a comprehensive set about a lone knob controls all kinds of economic organisations, presents a prudential, and perform of enterprise (also called the buyer protection) regulation. Carmichael, J. (2002) Comprehensive set \ about to eradicate regulatory arbitrage, in alignment to help connection and data distributing amidst controllers organisations, and reinforce the rule making and applications. System with one manager generally create d of two major partitions, the most concentrated on prudential guideline, and the second part of the enterprise guideline and buyer protection. If one manager conceived by blending living one-by-one controllers, although, the vintage purposeful or institutional relatives may stay in place. Carmichael, J. (2002). Those identical persons may finally manage the establishment they are habitually supervised. Thus, the creations of a lone manager, without vigilance to the restructure, which conceives a more sociable and acclimatize interior organisations, are improbable to recognize the full promise of an incorporated approach. Twin Peaks Dual set about of the peaks is founded on two kinds of regulators: prudential guideline and perform of enterprise (consumer protection) of the controller. Although characterised as distinct entities, these two controllers normally use a high grade of coordination, as they are each to blame

Tourism and environment in conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tourism and environment in conflict - Essay Example Thus on one hand where the industry is hailed as a key contributor to the country’s economy and boosting its growth and development, on the other it is blamed by environmentalists and other stakeholders as responsible for single handedly destroying and depleting the natural resources (Huebner, 2010). Both sides of the arguments are valid and hold credibility considering the vast amount of evidence available in the form of research conducted over the years. This indicates a dire conflict between two of the most critical elements of the society. The tourism industry, unlike the other industries relies solely on the use of the natural resources to lure and attract consumers. The natural environment hence, forms a very integral part of the trade which is exposed to the public. The increase in tourism incidentally leads to an increase in common tourist activities such as shopping, dining, which are often created in the midst of nature so as to afford a fine sight-seeing experience for the consumers. Such activities significantly increase the risk of destruction and depletion of natural resources and damage the surrounding environment and bio-diversity (Brebbia and Pineda, 2010; Leigh, Webster, and Ivanov, 2012). The fact that tourism has caused a gradual yet steady deterioration of the environment has been accepted lately due to the increasing evidence asserting the same. Tourism has consistently contributed to the rise in industrial wastes. According to reports tourism generates significant amount of waste due to increased human activities in the surrounding area. It has also caused a radical shift in climate due to increased traffic leading to air pollution. Since the tourism is highly dependent on consumers, increased tourist activities are inevitable. Any effort to reduce or eliminate the production of waste and protect the environment is hence likely to be futile mainly due to the sheer size of the industry (Sharpley, 2009; Scott, Hall, and Gossling, 201 2). The deterioration of the environment due to increase in tourism is a paradox faced by the industry since the availability of clean and orderly environment is one of the key pre-requisites for the tourism industry to thrive. The industry on one hand strives to co-ordinate the two diverse yet inter-related causes – that of promoting tourism and safeguarding the very natural resources it endorses as a bait to attract more consumers. The tourism industry is hence entrusted with the burden of balancing the act of protecting the environment by keeping it clean and retaining its purity, and at the same time use it as its USP (Unique Selling Point) in attracting more consumers. This indicates a conflict of interest between the tourism industry and the environment whereby the wider social cause of environment protection is sacrificed in exchange for capital gains. The conflicting relationship between tourism and natural environment can be rectified to a certain extent by coordinat ing and controlling the impact of tourism activities on the environment. This issue is confronted by two diverse perspectives i.e. ethical and economic whereby the significance and gravity of neither of the two can be denied or ignored. It is highly impossible to ignore the contribution of tourism in ensuring protection of the environment and vice versa. However it is of crucial significance to ensure that the thin line between ethical and commercial objectives of the trade is not overlooked in favor of profits. Incidences such as illegal

Influence of Religion on Developing Societies Research Paper

Influence of Religion on Developing Societies - Research Paper Example In order to appreciate more clearly the role that religion plays in developing societies, it is important to understand the concept of religion. Religion refers to a social system of beliefs and attitudes regarding objects, people, the sacred/divine and morality. Religion has made key contributions to societal development in the past as it does today. This paper elucidates the complementary nature of religion and development. Research has shown that one of the most significant contributions that any religion makes to societal development is by playing its role as a means of enforcing morality to society members. In societies where there is a prevalent belief in God and a substantial number of the members of society are religious, the moral value of integrity is also prevalent. As such, the resources in such societies are more likely to be fairly distributed to all members of society; this is because those who are in charge of the distribution of resources work with integrity. This contributes to the holistic development of the society. Furthermore, in a society that is prevalently religious, members of such societies are less likely to be distrustful of firms/companies’ ethics since such companies also have ‘religious’ employees who share similar moral values.... According to Weber, the reformation emphasized moral values, such as hard work, austerity, frugality, and loyalty to interests of the group. These values, according to Weber, were the cornerstone of capitalism, which led to intensified economic development (Weber, 1992). Another way in which religion influences developing societies is through its ability to promote the development of personal characteristics, which promote higher productivity among societal members. Such traits include (but are not limited to): a work ethic, prudence in financial spending, integrity and sincerity (Cohen, 2002). Studies indicate that people who possess such characteristics are likely to be more productive and, hence, they contribute more to a society’s economic development. These traits are also invaluable to social development since they encourage productive social interaction. One of the moral traits that members of most developing societies are mostly urged to develop and nurture is hard wor k. Some religions even regard hard work as a God-given responsibility that all human beings should fulfill. As such, religious leaders encourage members of their religions – followers -- to be diligent in everything. Since hard work is required to sustain development; religion, therefore, serves a crucial role in fostering development in societies. Furthermore, religions, such as Christianity and Islam, urge their followers to use hard work as a means of avoiding idleness, which can lead to immorality. Because of this, religion is an effective tool in development since it discourages the undertaking on non-productive activities, such as crime and laziness, and it encourages members to engage in productive endeavors. By promoting the concept of honest living,

Tourism and environment in conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tourism and environment in conflict - Essay Example Thus on one hand where the industry is hailed as a key contributor to the country’s economy and boosting its growth and development, on the other it is blamed by environmentalists and other stakeholders as responsible for single handedly destroying and depleting the natural resources (Huebner, 2010). Both sides of the arguments are valid and hold credibility considering the vast amount of evidence available in the form of research conducted over the years. This indicates a dire conflict between two of the most critical elements of the society. The tourism industry, unlike the other industries relies solely on the use of the natural resources to lure and attract consumers. The natural environment hence, forms a very integral part of the trade which is exposed to the public. The increase in tourism incidentally leads to an increase in common tourist activities such as shopping, dining, which are often created in the midst of nature so as to afford a fine sight-seeing experience for the consumers. Such activities significantly increase the risk of destruction and depletion of natural resources and damage the surrounding environment and bio-diversity (Brebbia and Pineda, 2010; Leigh, Webster, and Ivanov, 2012). The fact that tourism has caused a gradual yet steady deterioration of the environment has been accepted lately due to the increasing evidence asserting the same. Tourism has consistently contributed to the rise in industrial wastes. According to reports tourism generates significant amount of waste due to increased human activities in the surrounding area. It has also caused a radical shift in climate due to increased traffic leading to air pollution. Since the tourism is highly dependent on consumers, increased tourist activities are inevitable. Any effort to reduce or eliminate the production of waste and protect the environment is hence likely to be futile mainly due to the sheer size of the industry (Sharpley, 2009; Scott, Hall, and Gossling, 201 2). The deterioration of the environment due to increase in tourism is a paradox faced by the industry since the availability of clean and orderly environment is one of the key pre-requisites for the tourism industry to thrive. The industry on one hand strives to co-ordinate the two diverse yet inter-related causes – that of promoting tourism and safeguarding the very natural resources it endorses as a bait to attract more consumers. The tourism industry is hence entrusted with the burden of balancing the act of protecting the environment by keeping it clean and retaining its purity, and at the same time use it as its USP (Unique Selling Point) in attracting more consumers. This indicates a conflict of interest between the tourism industry and the environment whereby the wider social cause of environment protection is sacrificed in exchange for capital gains. The conflicting relationship between tourism and natural environment can be rectified to a certain extent by coordinat ing and controlling the impact of tourism activities on the environment. This issue is confronted by two diverse perspectives i.e. ethical and economic whereby the significance and gravity of neither of the two can be denied or ignored. It is highly impossible to ignore the contribution of tourism in ensuring protection of the environment and vice versa. However it is of crucial significance to ensure that the thin line between ethical and commercial objectives of the trade is not overlooked in favor of profits. Incidences such as illegal

The History of Nasa Essay Example for Free

The History of Nasa Essay NASA has done many amazing things. From putting the second man in space to putting the first and second man on the moon. NASA truly has a great history. Project Mercury was the first American human spaceflight program. It’s goal was putting a human into orbit around the Earth. And they wanted to do it before the Soviet Union. Though they were not able to do that before the Soviet Union, they still put a human into orbit. Alan Shepard became the first American astronaut aboard Freedom 7. Project Mercury was the start of many great things. Project Gemini’s objective was to develop space travel skills. This would help in the Apollo missions with the goal of landing a man on the moon. Gemini missions would be able to carry two men. Gemini 3 was the first manned mission in the Gemini program. Nicknamed Molly Brown, Gemini 3 completed the 7th manned spaceflight in the United States and the 17th manned spaceflight overall. The main goal of this mission was to test the new, maneuverable Gemini spacecraft. While in space, the crew fired the thrusters to change the shape of their orbit, slightly shift their orbital plane slightly, and drop to a lower altitude. Some firsts achieved by this mission were: two people flew on an American spacecraft together, and this was the first manned reentry where the spacecraft produced enough lift to change its touchdown point. Gemini 4 was the second manned spaceflight in Project Gemini. Gemini 4 circled the earth 66 times in four days which made it the first American flight to approach the 5-day flight of the Soviet Vostok 5. Although that was great, the greatest accomplishment of this mission was when White made the first spacewalk by an American. White floated free outside the spacecraft for about 20 minutes. Both of these accomplishments helped America overcome the Soviet Union’s early lead in the Space Race. Gemini 5 was also an important mission. This was the mission where the US beat the Soviet Union’s record of 5 days for the longest amount of time spent in space on August 26, 1965. L. Gordon Cooper, Jr. and Charles Conrad, Jr. spent almost 8 days in space beating the record by over 2 days. Gemini 7 included Jim Lovell and Frank Borman On December 4, 1965 Gemini 7 blasts off for space. While they are in space, Gemini 6 is waiting by the launch pad while Gemini 7 waits in space. Some problems occur with Gemini 6 but are resolved in less than 3 days. Gemini 6 launches into space on December 15. Gemini 6 and 7 are planning to fly just inches apart from each other in formation. They fly in formation for 270 minutes, 3 orbits around  the earth. After this, Gemini 6 returns home. Gemini 7 must complete their 2 week mission and then they returned home. This was NASA’s longest mission in space at the time. On June 3rd, 1966 Gemini 9 launched into space. Gene Cernan had to test out a new jetpack but by the time he got it on he was too exhausted to fly with it. Buzz Aldrin was the next to attempt a space walk. Aldrin succeeded and spent more that 5 hours walking in space. Because of Apollo 1, America lost some good men. Ed White, Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffee were all killed during a simulation. There was fire due to a spark in the wire which caused oxygen to catch on fire. They were not able to get the door open fast enough and these three men were all killed. Apollo 7 then takes their mission with a redesigned and much safer capsule. Apollo 11 has to be one of the most important missions of all time. Apollo 11 included Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Colinn. Their goal was to walk on the moon and they succeeded. Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon. 15 minutes later Buzz Aldrin became the second man on the moon. The two men spend just over two hours on the moon. With the huge goal of walking on the moon completed, NASA now needs to learn more about the moon. Apollo 12 spent about 8 hour just collecting moon rocks. They ended up collecting 75 pounds of moon rocks. NASA is testing a new shuttle. On february 18, 1977 the space shuttle takes off and lands successfully. There were 31,000 thermal tiles on the shuttle when it took off to protect it. But when it landed they discovered many tiles had fallen off. NASA must develop efficient models before they can actually use the shuttle for missions. After 4 years of testing, the shuttle is finally ready. The first shuttle mission took with it John Young and Bob Crippen. Something that everyone was worried about was that once the rocket boosters were lit, the shuttle was committed to flight. But everything was fine. On April 12, 1981 it took off, orbited the Earth 36 times and landed safely. Crista McCaliff was a social studies teacher and was going into space. On January 28, 1986 the Challenger took off for space, but it never made it.  The Challenger blew up only 73 seconds after lift-off at 67,000 feet in the air. This was the first time NASA lost astronauts in a mission. No spacecraft flew until two years later. Hubble is a super powered telescope that was put into space. Only when it got into space did they realize that it had a big problem with the mirror. Also, there were problems with the solar panels. Without those, Hubble wouldn’t work. After these problems, they sent a repair crew into space. They fixed the problems and Hubble was open for business. Next up, the International Space Station. Russia carried up the first part of the space station in November, 1998. In December the first part that NASA built goes up. The two parts connect in space. The estimated cost for the International Space Station was $170,000,000,000. On January 16, 2003 Columbia is scheduled for lift-off. They make it into space fine but what nobody knows it that something hit the craft during take-off and made a hole in the craft. This wasn’t a big problem until re-entry when the hole caused the craft to explode taking the astronaut’s lives with it. NASA has done many amazing things over the years and they will continue to do many more. These events were some of the most important things to happen in the history of spaceflight and exploration.

Representation of Evil in “Vasilisa the Beautiful”

Representation of Evil in â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† Introduction Russian folklore is rich with various myths, legends and folk tales that detail the life of various mythical characters. In many of such tales, there is extensive use of magic, witchcraft and the use of extraordinary powers. However, the most common characteristic of Russian folklore is the use of women in storytelling. Historical scholars define Russia’s literature as one that is rich with folk tales involving mystical adventure. However, most of these tales have a heroine instead of a hero at the end. Vasilisa the Brave has its setting at a time when magic and the use of extraordinary power was at its peak. A story is told of a young lady named Vasilisa who is sent by her cruel step-mother to collect some light from a witch called Baba Yaga. However, the main essence of the errand is to have Vasilisa be harmed and possibly die in the process of collecting the light. However, it is her humility and generosity that saves Vasilisa from being devoured by the witch Baba Yaga. The condition given by the witch is that Vasilisa completes a few tasks including basic household chores for Baba Yaga. After successfully completing the task, Baba Yaga hands Vasilisa a lantern fashioned from a skull, which ultimately burns the stepmother and the stepsisters to ashes. Background The story of Vasilisa is laden with symbolism. The writer uses various representations of the local culture to relate to the actual happenings in contemporary culture. The character of Baba Yaga has also been used on various platforms to bring out not only an evil but also a powerful character. â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† characterizes Baba Yaga as a dangerous person who wields massive power of magic. However, her actions towards Vasilisa paint a person who despite being associated with evil does not seem to support evil deeds against the innocent in the society. From the common folklore history, Baba Yaga comes out as the villain who will go to any lengths to harm the protagonist. It is no doubt that Baba Yaga’s character is meant to strike a balance in terms of interpretation and giving the story the intended happy ending. Representation of Evil in â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† is seen as being more of a Russian Cinderella story thus appealing to the Western readers. Despite the fact that the story has been written in so many forms by writers who have different versions of what happens in the story, the basic facts in the story are predominantly similar. The story revolves around a young lady Vasilisa. After the death of her mother, Vasilisa is left with no one to take care of her. However before her death, Vasilisa’s mother leaves her a doll that is supposed to help Vasilisa whenever she needs help. The condition by the mother is that whenever she needs help, Vasilisa should feed the doll and the doll reciprocates by assisting her in her problems. The greatest condition that Vasilisa is given by her mother is never to let anyone know of the doll’s existence (Zheleznova, 1966). Vasilisa’s stepmother is described as a cruel woman who discriminates against Vasilisa making her do most of the chores in t he household while her daughters lazy around the house doing nothing. Further cruel treatment directed towards Vasilisa is whereby she is given only a merger portion of all meals. However, Vasilisa does not eat her meals but rather saves the entire meals for the doll which in turn helps her complete her chores. The doll in the story is a characterization of how Russians and the society in general view super-natural beings. The doll in this case is presented as a mundane object that has extraordinary capabilities while keeping in mind that it can be found anywhere. The author tries to portray Vasilisa’s relationship to the doll as mutually exclusive. It is the treatment towards the doll that dictates whether the doll offers any help to Vasilisa. By feeding the doll, Vasilisa is rewarded by having her chores done by the doll. It is important to note that Vasilisa does not have direct power in her relationship with her doll. Hartman (1993) is of the view that it is only by using the doll that Vasilisa is able to improve her living condition characterized by cruelty. Vasilisa was able to follow her mother’s instructions who directed that she feeds the doll any time that she needs the dolls’ assistance. In addition, Vasilisa is not supposed to tell anyone regarding the doll’s existence. The application of these in the contemporary society is the need to follow instructions. The author depicts Vasilisa as an obedient lady who always heeds instructions from elders as it is depicted throughout the story. It is this obedience that helps Vasilisa time and time again during difficult situations. By being obedient, Vasilisa is able to escape the wrath of her stepmother and later from Baba Yaga. Towards the end, it is the willingness to listen to advice that eventually sees Vasilisa get married to the tsar. When her father is away on business, Vasilisa’s cruel stepmother plots to kill Vasilisa and together with her daughters send Vasilisa though the forest to Baba Yaga for some light. Upon arrival Vasilisa is required by the witch Baba Yaga to do menial household duties and also serve her meals. Vasilisa does all the work without questioning and even goes further to enlist the help of her doll when Baba Yaga requires her to do some almost impossible tasks. After completing all her task, Baba Yaga asks Vasilisa why she is so humble and why she does things without questioning. In her response, Vasilisa asks Baba Yaga about three horsemen who she had previously seen entering and leaving the witch’s homestead. Baba Yaga responds by saying that the three horsemen are her my bright daymy red sunand my dark night—and all three of them are my faithful servants(197). In a critical analysis of fairy tales known as Shadow and Evil In Fairy Tales, the author states that Baba Yaga’s reference to owning the night and day is a literary representation of the pagan culture not only in Russia but the world in general. Franz is of the view that Russian paganisms manifest itself particularly in the Russian society that often has hard-line views on different issues in the society. For some reason, Russia has over the years been viewed as ‘female’ with the reference of ‘rodina’ which means motherland being the best example to support this reference. In relation to â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful†, the author is seen to hand more power to women based on the fact that from the story, women seem to make decisions and are also the key characters in the story. In light with all the female characters in the story, Vasilisa’s fate rests with the major characters that are; her mother, the doll, Baba Yaga and her stepmother. Baba Yaga claims to own day and night. This situation replicates most countries and the level of authority exerted to the common citizens. Franz also notes that there are several skulls in Baba Yaga’s hut which is interpreted as the witch’s power over life and death. This can be compared to the power of life and death that the state has over ordinary citizens. In Indo-European folklore, light is often used to symbolize knowledge. Most Western fairy tales describe the quest for knowledge as progressive growth that is beneficial in the society. From the story, Vasilisa was sent by her stepmother to get some light for Baba Yaga. The representation of light in the contemporary society is knowledge. However, â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† introduces a rather unique feature of Russian tale. Instead of the quest for knowledge being represented as a beneficial process, the Russian version suggests that the quest for knowledge is a dangerous process and thus should be avoided unless there are compelling reasons as to why the process must be undertaken. It is important to note that by being sent to collect some light from Baba Yaga, Vasilisa’s stepmother expects that she will not survive her task. However, Vasilisa’s behavior and conduct enables her to succeed in her quest. In addition to this, Vasilisa is able to acknowledge her subordinate role in the society particularly based on how she treats Baba Yaga. Thus from a wider perspective, the author tries to emphasize the rewards that come with good behavior and humility in the society. Faced with a near-impossible task, Vasilisa is able to tame even Baba Yaga who is a witch. Baba Yaga even goes further to state that she does not comprehend how Vasilisa is willing to take orders without questioning. As stated by Compora (2010), the metaphor of identifying Baba Yaga with the state is continued further in the story. From the story, it is permissible for Vasilisa to inquire about some of the things that happen at Baba Yaga’s hut. However, Baba Yaga tells Vasilisa that not every question has an appropriate answer. Baba Yaga goes further to tell Vasilisa that too much knowledge will lead to old age. Before answering the question about the three horsemen, Baba Yaga asks Vasilisa how she was able to complete all the tasks given to her. Vasilisa says that the reason why she successfully completed various tasks was because she had her mother’s blessing. From the story, Baba Yaga is seen as both the villain and the protagonist. This assumption is based on the fact that she rewards Vasilisa for her good behavior and exhibiting good morals. On the other hand, Baba Yaga is described as terrible when she is angry. All the main characters have certain characteristics that define their personality. Vasilisa is portrayed as humble, obedient and hardworking. Vasilisa’s stepmother and stepsisters are portrayed as cruel, selfish and evil. Baba Yaga on the other hand strikes out as considerate and non-manipulative. The portrayal of Vasilisa as selfless implies that she always considers other people’s opinion in her decisions. This reflects in modern society the importance of selflessness. Perhaps to show just how much generosity is in the society, Vasilisa’s stepmother and stepsisters attempt to use Baba Yaga’s power to destroy Vasilisa. This is evident from the story whereby Vasilisa is sent to fetch some light from Baba Yaga even though the stepmother and stepsister knew that she was likely to be harmed in the process of collecting the light. However, it is the stepmother and stepsisters who pay for their evil deeds with their lives. According to Schielzo (1983), â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† further characterizes the use of stepmothers in mythology. Since time immemorial, there is always a negative connotation that accompanies the word stepmother. Stepmothers have been used in myths to contradict the positive nature of mothers. It is therefore not surprising that throughout the folklore history, stepmothers always seem to carry specific personal traits. The most common attribute that is associated with stepmothers is jealousy. In the case of Vasilisa, she is mistreated by her stepmother simply because the stepmother felt that she was prettier than her own children. The same scenario of a jealous stepmother is replicated in various stories throughout history. Baba Yaga gives Vasilisa a skull with fiery eyes indicating that this was the light that the stepmother and the stepdaughters had requested for. Vasilisa innocently takes the skull with her back to her stepfamily that is immediately burnt to ashes by the fiery eyes. The death of Vasilisa’s stepmother and stepsisters mark the assumption in early mythology and story writing that evil never wins. Vasilisa maintains her humble nature which gives the story one of the rarest features of Russian literature which is a happy ending. Conclusion â€Å"Vasilisa the Beautiful† is a manifestation of how various phenomena influenced early folklore. Most mythical analogies incorporate the use of a supernatural being, witchcraft and magic. Also a common trait in such analogies is the use of an evil stepmother. This application relates to so many things in the society and is meant to reflect the situation on the ground. From the beginning of the story, the writer is very specific regarding the direction of the story. Perhaps it is the use of magic that has the greatest impact on the story. Critics argue that despite it not being realistic to apply magic in modern literature, the latter was extremely relevant in early literature especially Greek Myths and Legends. More importantly, the major themes analyzed in the story indicate a systemic application of literature to influence behavior and promote good conduct. This is evident from the story where the evil stepmother and the stepsisters are burnt to ashes by the skull. The d eath of the stepsisters and the stepmother is considered as payback regarding how the same people treated Vasilisa. References Compora, D. P. (2010). Folk and Fairy Tales. Journal of Folklore Research Reviews Hartman, D. K., Hartman, J. A. (1993). Reading across texts: Expanding the role of the reader. The reading teacher, 202-211. Louise, M.F. (1974). Shadow and Evil in Fairy Tales. Boston: Shambhala  Publications Mayer, M. (1994). Baba Yaga and Vasilisa the Brave. Morrow Junior Books. Sanders, R. Folk Fairy Tales. (1978)UK: Methuen Co.Ltd. Scielzo, C. (1983). AN ANALYSIS OF BBA-YAG IN FOLKLORE AND FAIRY TALES. The American journal of psychoanalysis, 43(2). Zheleznova, I. L. (Ed.). (1966). Vasilisa the Beautiful: Russian fairy tales. Progress Publishers.

Computer Hackers :: Essays Papers

Computer Hackers The meaning of Hacker is one who accesses a computer which is supposably not able to be accessed to non authorised people of the community. Hackers may use any type of system to access this information depending on what they intend on doing in the system. Methods Hackers may use a variety of ways to hack into a system. First if the hacker is experienced and smart the hacker will use telnet to access a shell on another machine so that the risk of getting caught is lower than doing it using their own system. Ways in which the hacker will break into the system are: 1) Guess/cracking passwords. This is where the hacker takes guesses at the password or has a crack program to crack the password protecting the system. 2) Finding back doors is another way in which the hacker may get access to the system. This is where the hacker tries to find flaws in the system they are trying to enter. 3) One other way in which a hacker may try to get into a system is by using a program called a WORM. This program is specially programmed to suit the need of the user. This programme continually tries to connect to a machine at over 100 times a second until eventually the system lets in and the worm executes its program. The program could be anything from getting password files to deleting files depending on what it has been programmed to do. Protection The only way that you or a company can stop a Hacker is by not having your computer connected to the net. This is the only sure fire way in which you can stop a hacker entering your system. This is mainly because hackers use a phone line to access the system. If it is possible for one person to access the system then it is possible for a hacker to gain access to the system. One of the main problems is that major companies need to be networked and accessible over the net so that employees can do overdue work or so that people can look up things on that company. Also major companies network their offices so that they can access data from different positions. One way which is used to try to prevent hackers gaining access is a program used by companies called a Firewall. Computer Hackers :: Essays Papers Computer Hackers The meaning of Hacker is one who accesses a computer which is supposably not able to be accessed to non authorised people of the community. Hackers may use any type of system to access this information depending on what they intend on doing in the system. Methods Hackers may use a variety of ways to hack into a system. First if the hacker is experienced and smart the hacker will use telnet to access a shell on another machine so that the risk of getting caught is lower than doing it using their own system. Ways in which the hacker will break into the system are: 1) Guess/cracking passwords. This is where the hacker takes guesses at the password or has a crack program to crack the password protecting the system. 2) Finding back doors is another way in which the hacker may get access to the system. This is where the hacker tries to find flaws in the system they are trying to enter. 3) One other way in which a hacker may try to get into a system is by using a program called a WORM. This program is specially programmed to suit the need of the user. This programme continually tries to connect to a machine at over 100 times a second until eventually the system lets in and the worm executes its program. The program could be anything from getting password files to deleting files depending on what it has been programmed to do. Protection The only way that you or a company can stop a Hacker is by not having your computer connected to the net. This is the only sure fire way in which you can stop a hacker entering your system. This is mainly because hackers use a phone line to access the system. If it is possible for one person to access the system then it is possible for a hacker to gain access to the system. One of the main problems is that major companies need to be networked and accessible over the net so that employees can do overdue work or so that people can look up things on that company. Also major companies network their offices so that they can access data from different positions. One way which is used to try to prevent hackers gaining access is a program used by companies called a Firewall.

Lipids :: essays research papers

Lipids The subject I will cover is lipids. I will tell you about the description of it’ s organic compound. I will tell you where it is found. I will tell you what the uses are in plants and animals. I will also tell you about it’s chemical structure and give examples of types of these compounds, such as cholesterol. The organic compound of lipids have many similarities. They are almost always greasy, fatty, oily, or waxy. They do not dissolve in water, but they do in other organic solvents. This is like if you get grease on your hands it is hard to wash of because it seems to repel the water. You can find lipids in many places. They are usually in fatty foods like butter, salad dressing, and cooking oils. They can also be found inside of animals as the form of fat. Lipids are always found in fat because when you get a build up of lipids it forms fat. Lipids have many uses amongst plants and animals. The main use of these are for energy and storing energy. When they store energy they make triglycerides also known as fat. There are also many other uses such as insulation and protection. They are also used in making cell membranes. They make it so that the cell can maintain it’s shape by keeping water and water-soluble compounds from passing through it. The lipids that are waxy are usually used to make protective coatings on the surface of plants and animals. Since a lipid is an organic compound it contains carbon. They also contain hydrogen and oxygen, but in some very complex chains there is also phosphorus and/or nitrogen. Lipids are made by the dehydration synthesis of glycerol and fatty acids. This is when three molecules of fatty acids combine with one molecule of glycerol by taking water out of the solution. Lipids are always huge molecules, which means they have a lot of energy like twice as much as sugar. This is because more energy goes into making it so you get more out of it when it is broken down. The following is what a lipid would look like. When lipids are made they can produce many different compounds. One of those is phospholipids. These are what help make cell membranes and keep water out of them. They also make a very common lipid and that is cholesterol. Cholesterol is and extremely complex lipid. It builds up on the inner walls of the arteries. Lipids :: essays research papers Lipids The subject I will cover is lipids. I will tell you about the description of it’ s organic compound. I will tell you where it is found. I will tell you what the uses are in plants and animals. I will also tell you about it’s chemical structure and give examples of types of these compounds, such as cholesterol. The organic compound of lipids have many similarities. They are almost always greasy, fatty, oily, or waxy. They do not dissolve in water, but they do in other organic solvents. This is like if you get grease on your hands it is hard to wash of because it seems to repel the water. You can find lipids in many places. They are usually in fatty foods like butter, salad dressing, and cooking oils. They can also be found inside of animals as the form of fat. Lipids are always found in fat because when you get a build up of lipids it forms fat. Lipids have many uses amongst plants and animals. The main use of these are for energy and storing energy. When they store energy they make triglycerides also known as fat. There are also many other uses such as insulation and protection. They are also used in making cell membranes. They make it so that the cell can maintain it’s shape by keeping water and water-soluble compounds from passing through it. The lipids that are waxy are usually used to make protective coatings on the surface of plants and animals. Since a lipid is an organic compound it contains carbon. They also contain hydrogen and oxygen, but in some very complex chains there is also phosphorus and/or nitrogen. Lipids are made by the dehydration synthesis of glycerol and fatty acids. This is when three molecules of fatty acids combine with one molecule of glycerol by taking water out of the solution. Lipids are always huge molecules, which means they have a lot of energy like twice as much as sugar. This is because more energy goes into making it so you get more out of it when it is broken down. The following is what a lipid would look like. When lipids are made they can produce many different compounds. One of those is phospholipids. These are what help make cell membranes and keep water out of them. They also make a very common lipid and that is cholesterol. Cholesterol is and extremely complex lipid. It builds up on the inner walls of the arteries.

Planning an Outing Essay

The procedure to follow if an accident or illness is to occur You may need to assess the situation, never rush as this could result in bad manual handling. Check the area around you is safe, and if not remove all hazards. Only administer emergency first aid if you are trained to do so. Get help so they can phone emergency services or if alone call yourself but make sure you know the facts before you call. Make sure you report everything as soon as possible. Make sure you clean and sanitise the area if any mess was left behind. Principles of Safe Moving and Handling Always read a service users care plan and follow health and safety act. Never lift service user manually, assess the service user to see if any changes have been made that may change their needs. Plan the task before you even start to move service user and make sure you let them know at all times what you are doing and get there consent. Make sure you have the correct equipment for the task and that it meets the needs of the service user. Check for any hazards and ensure handling area is clear of any obstructions. Give clear instructions to colleague’s/service user as to who’s taking the lead in the moving process as helps any confusion to care workers/assistants and service user. If service user needs an assisted stand/lift make sure correct posture, feet apart in direction of the movement, elbows close to the body, use your body weight to move service user bent from the knees and not the back. An explanation of why it’s important to follow the care plan and communicate with each individual when assisting and moving If you are a helper in a treatment setting it’s always important to follow care plan that has been made by a social worker since they have a disciplined way of assessing a patient’s needs. Communicating with each service user potentially really eases service user’s anxiety, especially if you can build  rapport. Communicating with colleague’s really helps you understand you role with service user. Staff responsibilities for medication in social care setting Safe administration of medicines means that medicines are given in a way that avoids causing harm to a person, only give medicines to the person they were prescribed for, people should receive the right medicine at the right time and in the right way. The care providers responsibility to provide written procedures that set out exactly how to give out medicines and itâ€℠¢s the care workers responsibility to follow these procedures. It is also all staffs responsibility to follow the seven rights of medication administration are as follows; The right patient The right drugs The right dose The right route The right time The right person The right documentation A brief description of agreed procedures for obtaining, storing, administering, recording the medication for the outing Obtaining, where the care provider is responsible for obtaining supplies of medicine on behalf of the service user, the care worker should check that there is enough to last for the next few days/the outing and to order the medicines as agreed in the service delivery plan. All unused regular and refused medication should be returned to the pharmacy at the end of the day/month. However, all required medication which is unused should be retained and used as directed on the care plan/labels. Storing medicines, care worker/assistant must have correct packaging for medicines depending on how long journey can be for example, if a short trip there are brown bags available from local chemists/pharmacy to store them in for short journeys. If journey may be longer there are also blister packs obtainable. They hold a 28 days’ worth of medicines. Special colours for diff erent times of the day/night as different service users may need thought the day/outing i.e. Pink is for morning, yellow is for lunch, orange for evening, blue for night time medication. Care workers/assistants need to keep them in a cool environment and have a list of all medications just in case a service doesn’t not take them and identify which service user  refused. Administer, to select measure and give medication to a service user as specified in the care plan. Care workers/personal assistant will only administer in specially agreed circumstances where assessment of the service user under the mental capacity act has determined that the service user does not have the capacity to make decisions regarding medication for themselves and cannot self-medicate, instruct others manage their medication. Recording, A form used to record the details of prompting and assisting the medication and related tasks, and any other information regarding the medication or related tasks. Usually designed to show what was given, the dose given, the time given and the identity of the person who gave it which should always be signed and dated. An explanation of the care workers accompanying the individuals on the outing should have special training before each of the following, Carrying out emergency first aid, assisting and handling, handling medication In the social care setting care workers/assistants need specialist training before carrying out first aid because if a service user needs any sort of emergency aid they need to be able to assess the situation and be able to have correct procedures in place in order to save someone’s life. It could also be very harmful if not. Assisting with moving and handling in order to understand how to assist service user also how to use correct equipment with confidence to help ease service user. Handling medication, social care worker/assistant to have understanding about the service users medical conditions also can monitor or report any important changes. The care worker/assistant needs all comprehension of most medicines and how they can affect service users.

Formal Speech( Social Networks and Cyber Crime)

S P E E C H #03 Thank you Chair, As we know in the today’s world networks and communication has become a new dimension of our society. Almost everyone in our world is aware of internet and social networking sites on it. Now a day’s any rupture in internet can collapse the world economies and administrations. A large part of our population is rather prone to cyber crimes; yes the lovable internet is also a place to exercise easy piracy, frauds, hacking and other criminal activities.Cyber-threats are without doubt a new security challenge. Like most countries, Finland is increasingly dependent on a secure and functioning cyber-space and therefore increasingly vulnerable to unexpected and rapidly-emerging cyber-attacks. That is why we aim to become a global forerunner in cyber-security. While this will be the first such national strategy of its kind, the overall approach builds on decades of co-operation and co-ordination in crisis preparation and management.The guidelines for the new cyber-strategy were laid down in 2010 in the government’s broader Security Strategy for Society and the European Union’s Convention to counter cyber threats. At the moment, however, responsibility for cyber-security remains scattered between many different organisations and stakeholders, reflecting their specialist areas of expertise. This has slowed the creation of common objectives, with key decision-makers acting in relative isolation. Procedures and responsibilities during a nation-wide cyber-crisis have also yet to be defined with sufficient clarity.One of the main tasks of the current process, therefore, is to assess the need for a new authority to co-ordinate the strategy at a political level, as well as organising responsibilities at the operational level. Many of the risks of cyber-attacks are shared between the governments and the private sectors. And since most of the critical infrastructure is owned by the private sectors, the job of identifyin g and managing cyber-risks must be done in partnership. The forthcoming strategy will respond to all of these challenges by comprehensively analysing cyber-threats and deciding on the best way forward.

The Nicaraguan and Cuban Revolution

Nicaragua, the state with the least â€Å"fertile dirt for the proliferation of Left groups† , was the lone state where a revolution prevailed following the Cuban Revolution ( 4 ) . Despite many similarities between Cuba and Nicaragua, they established rather distinguishable revolutions. InSandinista, Matilde Zimmermann, frequently compares and contrasts the FSLN motion with the Cuban Revolution. In add-on, she besides provides non merely a thorough survey of the military and ideological leader Carlos Fonseca, but offers insight into the development of the FSLN. Unlike the Cuban Revolution, the Nicaraguan revolution under the leading of the FSLN was chiefly a societal revolution. Harmonizing to Zimmermann, the FSLN of Carlos Fonseca was responsible for mobilising the Nicaraguans into a societal revolution. However, following Fonseca’s decease, Zimmermann attributes the death of the revolution to the fact that the Sandinistas failed to follow Fonseca’s vision. Although Cuba and Nicaragua both suffered from inhibitory and weak democratic establishments, their revolutions are distinguishable. On the one manus, Cuba experienced a political revolution. The societal ends of the revolutionists were 2nd to the political 1s and remained mistily defined even after 1959. The revolution in Nicaragua was a societal revolution. The bulk of the Nicaraguan population massively supported the actions of the FSLN. The same can non be said about Cuba, where the bulk of the Cuban population was non mobilized by the Rebels. The radical battle against Somoza was marked by category struggle and the resistance against Batista was non. Despite the differences, the Cuban revolution in peculiar the leading of Che Guevara and Fidel Castro had a important impact on the development of Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation. Zimmermann argues that the Cuban revolution had a profound influence on Fonseca’s thought and the Sandinista motion ( 9 ) . The voluntarism of Che Guevara and the personal appeal of Fidel Castro captured the attending of Third World hereafter revolutionists. For Fonseca, the triumph of the Cuban Revolution convinced him that revolution was possible and that a new organisation was needed to take it ( 56 ) . Fonseca found a hero in Che Guevara and became influenced by Che’s Hagiographas. Fonseca set out to double the Cuban triumph in Nicaragua. Similar to Fidel Castro’s usage of Jose Marti in Cuba, Fonseca appealed to the nationalist image of Augusto Sandino. Sandino’s battle in the 1930s divine Fonseca and as a consequence Sandino became a Nicaraguan rallying symbol for the revolution ( 61 ) . Fonseca’s political authorship remained committed to both socialist revolution and national release from imperialism. Sandino and Che Guevara were the two most of import influences on Fonseca’s political idea. Guevara’s Marxism and Sandino’s patriotism became rooted in a motion capable of doing a successful revolution. Carlos Fonseca’s political political orientation became woven into early FSLN literature and philosophy. Carlos Fonseca was really much the motivation force behind the Sandinistas. In the Historic Program, Fonseca outlined his doctrine of encompassing the experiences of the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine was cardinal to the FSLN initial platform ( 208 ) . Unlike the 26th of July Movement, whose forces merely represented a minority of the Cuban population, the Sandinista alliance was genuinely representative of the lower sector of Nicaraguan society. From the get downing the FSLN was organized chiefly to stand for workers, provincials, and the urban hapless. They believed in educating the lower category by transfusing in them an apprehension of Nicaraguan history, which taught them about the Nicaraguan battle against imperialism ( 191 ) . In add-on, this doctrine contributed to the entreaty of the FSLN and helped mobilise immature activists. Throughout the sixtiess, Fonseca and the little group of vernal revolutionists launched a guerrilla motion. Fonseca helped form g uerilla units, recruited clandestinely for future action, and endured prison. Despite the frequent lickings, Fonseca’s strength and dedication to the cause helped keep the integrity of the organisation during long periods of belowground being. In the late seventiess, the members of the FSLN became divided and frequently argued over scheme and tactics. Zimmerman demonstrates that Fonseca understood the grounds for the divisions and differ with the cabals ( 184 ) . In 1975, Fonseca returned to Nicaragua to repair the rifts in the FSLN and to re-validate his leading. However, Fonseca died on his manner to a jungle acme meeting he called with the purpose of mending the divisions. Following his decease, the factional struggle became significantly worse. The three different cabals in the FSLN: the Insurrectional Tendency, the Prolonged People’s War, and the Proletarian Tendency, strayed off from the Historic Program designed by Fonseca ( 208 ) . In add-on the FSLN became more moderate. Zimmerman argues that the 1978 revision of the 1969 Historic Program foreshadowed a continual series of via medias intended to lenify the national businessperson resistance ( 208 ) . The FSLN bit by bit abandoned their ain radical docket. In 1979, the Sandinistas succeeded in subverting the Somoza government. The FSLN without Fonseca lost Fonseca’s focal point on apprehension and reacting to hapless Nicaraguans and their diverse signifiers of development. Rather than prosecuting them as radical topics, they made the multitudes the object of radical policy, a displacement that produced opposition instead than dialogue. In add-on, the arguments that gave rise to the FSLN cabals remained integral within the nine leaders of the National Directorate ( 226 ) . The Directorate lost sight about what was best for Nicaraguan workers and provincials. Although the FSLN claimed to be regulating in the involvement of workers and provincials, their refusal to convey new leaders from oppressed societal categories to the Directorate did non back up their claim. In the 1990s, National Directorate led to another split. That, along with the civil war took a important political toll on the FSLN. In February 1990, after a disruptive decennary in power, the FSLN was voted out of office when Conservative leader Violeta Chamorro round Daniel Ortega in the presidential race ( 228 ) . By taking to concentrate on the political vision and political orientation of Carlos Fonseca, Zimmermann was able to explicate the flight of the Nicaraguan Revolution as a gradual procedure. Carlos Fonseca was influenced significantly from the successes of the Cuban Revolution. Although certain facets of the Cuban Revolution were different, it did supply Fonseca with a political design of how he planned on conveying about a revolution in Nicaragua. Fonseca’s thoughts were to a great extent influenced by the instructions of Che Guevara and Augusto Sandino. He chose to concentrate on the Nicaraguan workers and provincials. This doctrine became the FSLN initial political platform. The early FSLN under Fonseca used this platform to make out to the laden categories and mobilized them against the Somoza Regime. Following the decease of Fonseca, the FSLN in power became more moderate, to a great extent divided, and bit by bit strayed away from Fonseca’s vision. By 1990, the FS LN had wholly changed. They still honored Fonseca as a radical icon, but they no longer incorporated his doctrines into their policies. The FSLN in power shifted off from the involvements of the workers and provincials which created much opposition. Zimmermann finally argues that it was the Sandinistas’ treachery of the thoughts and illustrations of Carlos Fonseca that attributed to the death of the revolution.